Preserving privacy and sustainability as Islamic architectural values through repurposing historical residential buildings within the medina of Tunis

Abstract

The Medina of Tunis, a historical and architectural gem, exemplifies the intricate relationship between urban planning, socio-cultural dynamics, and Islamic values. This thesis delves into the Medina’s evolution from its founding during the 7th century Muslim Arab conquest to its architectural and cultural zenith under the Hafsids, and through subsequent periods of transformation. Despite efforts to preserve its rich heritage, contemporary adaptive reuse practices often prioritize aesthetics over the integral Islamic principles embedded within its architecture. This research focuses on the adaptive reuse of historic Islamic residential buildings, particularly examining Dar Ben Gacem as a case study to explore the impact of such transformations on the Medina’s architectural and cultural heritage. The research investigates how the conversion of these buildings into non-residential uses affects core Islamic values such as privacy, sustainability, modesty, humility, and hospitality. By conducting qualitative research methods, including observations, site visits, and interviews with key stakeholders and entrepreneurs like Amel Meddeb and Leila Ben Gacem, the research aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the implications of adaptive reuse on the Medina’s architectural integrity and Islamic identity. The findings reveal a balance between preserving historical aesthetics and maintaining the functional and spiritual essence of Islamic architecture. The study emphasizes the need for a paradigm shift in heritage management, advocating for a deeper consideration of Islamic principles in the adaptive reuse of historic buildings. This approach ensures the Medina’s cultural and religious heritage is upheld while accommodating modern economic and social needs. In conclusion, this thesis underscores the Medina of Tunis as a resilient urban space where adaptive reuse, when guided by Islamic values, can foster economic development, preserve cultural identity, and maintain architectural integrity. The Medina stands as a model for Islamic historic cities worldwide, demonstrating how to honor the past while embracing contemporary innovations.