Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia Repository
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Leading educational change for environmental sustainability : mothers' leadership practices in the literacy community
Ajeng Satiti Ayuningtyas Okta Ferdiana; Lukman Nul Hakim; Bambang Sumintono (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-29)
This study examines how mothers in a literacy community in Indonesia lead educational change for environmental sustainability not through positional authority but through moral conviction, relational practices, and ongoing work to transform values within families and communities. In a context where environmental degradation disproportionately affects women and children, and where grassroots mothers' networks remain unrecognized as sites of educational leadership, this study argues that households and literacy communities are not peripheral to environmental change, but rather where it begins. Guided by three research questions, this study explores how mothers lead environmental change through their involvement in literacy communities; how their practices reflect dimensions of transformational leadership in family and community contexts; and how these practices contribute to outcomes and challenges in the development of environmental values and behaviors. Drawing on Leadership for Change theory (Fullan, 2001) and Transformational Leadership model (Bass & Riggio, 2006), this study recontextualizes frameworks developed primarily within formal organizational settings to illuminate informal, values-driven leadership within communities founded by and for Indonesian mothers. This study adopted a qualitative case study design with thematic analysis. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews with five mothers, five fathers, five children, supplemented by participant observation and program documentation to corroborate the mothers' accounts of their partners and children. The analysis was conducted using Quirkos for thematic mapping and Discourse Network Analysis tools, with four themes emerging. The mothers' environmental leadership is grounded in moral purpose rooted in parental roles, spiritual values, and a keen awareness of environmental degradation. Literacy activities and structured discussions within the literacy community progressively develop mothers' environmental understanding and consistently extend it to family life through pedagogical practices. The mothers exercise relational leadership, prioritizing trust-building before influencing others, differentiating their approach for each family member, and empowering rather than simply directing. This means that the nurturing empowerment style of leadership is not completely addressed in the existing theories of transformational leadership. There are practical implications for the family, especially the reversal of teaching from the environment as the kids start correcting the parents amidst the structural challenges such as poor waste management systems, which go beyond household leadership.
Green accounting practices and firm value : evidence from selected listed companies on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX)
Babangida, Fahad; Taridi Kasbi Ridho; Rininta Nurrachmi (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-23)
This study investigates the relationship between the green accounting practices and the firm value of companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX), holding constant firm-specific characteristics such as firm size, leverage, profitability, and firm age. The study uses panel data from 2020 to 2024, resulting in 100 years of data, which are sourced from Refinitiv, annual reports, sustainability reports, African financials, and the NGX database. The Green Accounting Index (GAI) derived from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework is applied to measure green accounting practices, while the natural log of firm value is used as a measure of firm value. The study builds a body of knowledge by synthesizing the concepts of green accounting practices, firm-specific financial characteristics, and sector differences in one framework, specifically in Nigeria, where reporting of sustainability is still not mandatory and has not been studied extensively. The results show a positive value on green accounting, but a low impact on firm value. Leverage, profitability, and firm age, however, have strong positive relationships with firm value, whereas firm size has a negative relationship. The results reveal that although sustainability issues are gaining importance, the traditional financial indicators are still more significant in explaining the firm value in developing countries like Nigeria. The study also underscores the need to have credible environmental reporting and institutional support to enhance the value relevance of environmental practices. The results are important for policy implications for companies, investors, and government leaders interested in supporting sustainable business models and sustainable value generation in emerging markets.
The impact of climatic variables on agricultural productivity in SADC : from 2003 to 2023
Mtitu, Abubakari Ali; Rima Prama Artha (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-15)
Agriculture is important in Southern African Development Community (SADC) because it creates job opportunities in the sector, alleviate poverty and promotes economic growth. But climate change - with higher temperatures, altered rainfalls and increased greenhouse gas emissions - is a major risk to agricultural production. The study looks at the effect of climate change on agricultural production in some countries of the SADC and also explores the differences between the low income and high-income countries. The study is grounded in the Sustainable Livelihoods (SL) Framework which provide insights into how productive inputs, economic factors, climate conditions and institutions affect agricultural production. Secondary data for this period 2003-2023 was accessed from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and the World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal. Crop Production Index was used to measure agricultural productivity. Precipitation, average temperature, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, fertilizer use, growth in urban population, government effectiveness, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth were considered as control variables. Climatic variables were considered to be: precipitation, average temperature, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, fertilizer use, growth in urban population, government effectiveness and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. GDP growth was added in as it brings more resources for investment in agriculture, such as irrigation, better technologies, research and infrastructure, to improve agricultural productivity. The study used the panel data estimation techniques such as the Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Fixed Effects (FE), and Random Effects (RE). The findings show that there are significant differences in the reaction of the income groups to climate change. The Fixed Effects model was determined to be the preferred estimator for low-income SADC countries. The results reveal that the growth of GDP, consumption of fertilizers, precipitation and CO2 emissions are significant positive drivers of agricultural productivity, whereas the average temperature and the government effectiveness play a significant negative role. Agricultural productivity is positively related, although not statistically significantly, to the growth of the urban population. The results indicate that, even with improved agricultural inputs and economic growth in low-income countries, they remain highly susceptible to climate variability, particularly climate warming. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth was included as a control variable because stronger economic growth provides greater resources for investment in agricultural infrastructure, technology, irrigation, and research, all of which can influence agricultural productivity. Considering the selected model, for high-income SADC countries, only average temperature is statistically significant and negatively associated with agricultural productivity. Precipitation, fertilizer use, government effectiveness, urban population growth, CO2 emissions, and GDP growth exhibit the expected relationships; however, most of these variables are not statistically significant. This implies that high-income nations are more resilient to climate shocks because of their higher adaptive capacity, better institutions, and higher level of agricultural technologies. Overall, the results confirm the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, which indicate that climate, productive inputs, economic growth and institutional quality influence agricultural productivity. The study suggests the increased investment in Climate-Smart Agriculture, irrigation infrastructure, agricultural research, sustainable management of fertilizers, economic development and institutional strengthening for improved resilience, sustainable agricultural development and productivity within the SADC region.
Ibn ‘Arabī’s intellectual legacy in the Tījāniyya-Ibrāhīmiyya order : a case study of Tījānī followers in Southwest Nigeria
Ismail, Abolaji Abdrahman; Zacky Khairul Umam (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-21)
Ibn 'Arabī's philosophical Sufism fundamentally shaped the doctrines and practices of numerous Muslim intellectuals and Sufi orders throughout Islamic history. Among the Sufi orders that incorporated Akbarian metaphysics into their foundational frameworks is the Fayḍa Tijāniyya (or Tijāniyya-Ibrāhīmiyya) order of West Africa, initiated by Ibrāhīm Niass. This movement emerged as a consolidating branch of the mainstream Tijāniyya order. Consequently, this study investigates how the Akbarian metaphysical teachings transmitted by the Fayḍa Tijāniyya are engaged with by Yoruba Sufis in Southwest Nigeria. Specifically, it explores how these local practitioners navigate the cosmological concept of spiritual isthmuses (barāzikh), how they experience the structured process of experiential gnosis (tarbiya), and how they conceptualise the hierarchies of saintly authority (wilāya) from the Akbarian metaphysics brought to them by the Tijaniyya Sufi order. The data for this study were obtained through library research utilising a documentary technique. The collected data were analysed using the descriptive analysis method. The study finds that certain factions within the Fayḍa Tijāniyya, namely the Ja'fariyya, severely misinterpreted the foundational Tijānī and Niassene primary texts introduced to them. By interpreting Ibrāhīm Niass's esoteric expositions regarding the wayfarer's navigation of the Divine Presence (al-Ḥaḍra al-Ilāhiyya) in a literal fashion, the Ja'fariyya precipitated a radical doctrinal shift that culminated in doctrinal departure of self-apotheosis (al-wuṣūl ilā al-ḥaqīqa). Furthermore, their literal interpretation of Aḥmad al-Tijānī's concepts of universal divine love catalysed an uninformed, syncretic integration of Christian elements and Traditional Religion into their framework of spiritual training. Crucially, Ibrāhīm Niasse inherited the Tijānī framework and claimed the absolute seal of the Aḥmadī-Tijānī lineage, thereby consolidating his rank as the supreme Ghawth (Succor) of his era. While the attainment of the saintly authorities traditionally requires rigorous ascetic devotion—characterised by the wayfarer's rigorous ascent through successive spiritual stations and ontological realities to realize the ranks of Watad, Quṭb, or Ghawth—certain contemporary followers of the Ja'fariyyah-Tijāniyya have instrumentalized these spiritual titles for social and political leverage. Driven by material interests, they engage in the exchange of favours, unilaterally depose current leaders, and reinstate themselves to secure elevated positions of saintly authority. Conceptually anchored in the metaphysical legacy of 'Ibn 'Arabī, this study addresses the complex, localised interactions between West African Sufi practices and classical Islamic esotericism, offering critical advancements to the fields of global Sufi studies, comparative religion, and African Islamic history.
Shari'a in Kano State, Nigeria : codification, institutional restructuring, and doctrinal transformation
Ahmad, Muhammad Khamis; al-Marakeby, Muhammad (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-17)
This study examines the codification of Shari'a in Kano State, Nigeria, with special focus on the Kano State Shari'a Penal Code Law 2000. Through a qualitative, library-based methodology that combines doctrinal legal analysis with comparative analysis, the study asks a simple question: whether the legislative codification of Shari'a in contemporary Kano reshaped its institutional structure and doctrinal content or not? The study begins by tracing how Shari'a operated in Kano before colonial rule, how the colonial and postcolonial periods reorganised it, and how it was re-established in its present form in the year 2000. It then examines the institutional system this re-establishment produced by asking whether judicial authority, court structure, and legal procedure were reshaped, before turning to the Penal Code itself, comparing a set of its offences directly against their treatment in classical Mālikī jurisprudence. At the institutional level, the picture is clear: codification bureaucratised the Shari'a system, relocated legal authority at the level of law production from fuqahā' to the state, and reorganised the courts along lines closer to the common law tradition than to the classical Islamic legal practice, this confirms much of what critics of codification have long argued. At the doctrinal level, the picture is more complicated. The substance of Mālikī criminal law survives in the Code to a far greater extent than the institutional transformation might suggest, and where the Code does depart from classical doctrine, those departures are best explained not by juristic reasoning, instead by the practical demands of codification, constitutional constraints the drafters could not ignore, and the rushed political circumstances under which the Code was written. The thesis concludes that Kano fits neither of the two positions that dominate the existing debate: it is not the wholesale destruction of Shari'a that some critics of codification predict, nor a simple restatement of exactly the same classical fiqh in modern dress, but something more particular: a system that retains much of the substance of the tradition while rebuilding its institutional form around the demands of a modern, constitutionally constrained, secular nation-state.