Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia Repository
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Recent Submissions
The role of empathy to promote inclusive education : a case study of community-based initiative
Alda Nurul Haliza; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti; Afifah Muharikah (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-31)
Inclusive education is one of the efforts to realize social justice and provide quality learning opportunities for all children. Although various policies have been implemented to support its implementation, there are still many challenges in creating a learning environment that is able to accommodate students' diverse needs. On the other hand, the increasing psychosocial and mental health problems in children show that support cannot rely solely on school, but also requires the role of family and community. In this context, empathy is one of the important skills that can build more inclusive relationships and strengthen peer support. However, research on the role of empathy in supporting inclusive education through community-based initiatives is still relatively limited. Therefore, this research focuses on the peer counselor program organized by Dewan Anak Mataram (DAM) as a community-based initiative that involves children in efforts to create a more inclusive environment. This research aims to explore how empathy and inclusive education are understood in the program, how the empathy-based program is implemented to support an inclusive environment, and how it impacts and contributes to the development of inclusive education. It is expected to expand the relationship between empathy and inclusive education, as well as provide insight into the potential of the community as a social learning space that supports children's development. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design in the constructivism paradigm. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight participants, consisting of peer counselors, counselees, and stakeholders involved in the program. The data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify patterns of meaning that emerged from the participants' experiences and perspectives. The results of this study show that empathy is understood as the ability to understand other people's perspectives, recognize and respond to their emotional states, build trust, provide space for sharing experiences, and maintain emotional boundaries. These values are realized through the provision of safe and supportive spaces, the involvement of children from various backgrounds, and collaboration with various parties in the community. The findings also show that the program contributes to the development of social sensitivity, increased acceptance of diversity, the strengthening of belonging, and the increased participation and involvement of children in their social environment. It also contributes to the strengthening of an inclusive culture in the community. Further research is recommended to explore the role of empathy in different community contexts as well as engage the perspectives of other stakeholders to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the contribution of community-based initiatives to the inclusive education development.
Enhancing halal eco-tourism through Islamic finance to achieve sustainable development goals in Indonesia
Ghina Yasmin Mumtaz; Taridi Kasbi Ridho; Rininta Nurrachmi (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-23)
Indonesia set the target to become a global centre. The Halal industry is being expanded to support the national objective of becoming the global centre for the Sharia economy, a global Halal hub, and the Sustainable Development Goals in 2030. As a dynamic sector of the Halal industry, the global Halal tourism industry is undergoing a profound transformation due to the rising demand for Muslim-friendly destinations and services. According to the National Committee for Sharia Economy and Finance (KNEKS), Halal tourism has been identified as a key driver of national economic growth. Several leading Halal tourism regions include Lombok, Aceh, West Sumatra, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and West Java. This shows that Indonesia has the potential to become the world's halal tourism hub. The ecological stress affected by tourism practices, such as soil erosion, habitat degradation, waste accumulation, and natural resources exploitation, leads to environmental degradation. However, the main challenges are a lack of government support and finance. The financial challenges include local government revenue shortfalls and local budget deficits. The integration of financial support in the Halal eco-tourism industry through Islamic finance can be a long-term strategy in an effort to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. There is a gap in determining the appropriate Islamic financial instrument and in comparing the suitable Islamic financial instrument to enhance the development of Halal eco-tourism. The result of this study shows that profitability is the primary factor for investors to invest in a project, followed by the reliability sector, and the last is sustainability sector. Several options for Islamic finance instruments to enhance Halal eco-tourism in Indonesia show that Sukuk is the priority instrument, followed by waqf, and then zakat becomes the last priority. Amid global uncertainty and market downturn, Sukuk is more resilient, especially for the Ijarah contract that generates a fixed amount of return. Sukuk also emphasizes the sustainability factor as it is used for enhancing Halal eco-tourism that preserves nature ecosystem and increases social welfare. Sukuk is a flexible instrument that can be integrated with a waqf scheme, such as cash waqf-linked sukuk, to diversify and strengthen the Sukuk innovation.
Impact of political stability on renewable energy consumption in ASEAN-9
Ahmad, Jamil; Istiana Maftuchah; Rininta Nurrachmi (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-20)
This research investigates how the governance (G) pillar of the ESG affects the renewable energy consumption (REC) of ASEAN-9 countries over the period 2000-2023. While ASEAN's renewables uptake is still less than 20 percent, which is less than the 23 percent APAEC 2025 target, the governance factors of this gap have yet to be comprehensively tested at country level, even though the regional sustainable-finance architecture has been established. The nine ASEAN economies (Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam) provide a balanced panel of 216 country-years. The renewable energy component of overall final energy consumption is the indicator for REC, while political stability is represented by the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators. Further determinants are not included as controls, but are entered as determinants, such as GDP per capita, FDI, trade openness and inflation. A random-effects model with cluster robust standard errors is used, which is built mostly on the theory of energy transition and institutional theory. FDI and inflation are insignificant. These patterns do not invalidate the theories but reflect the ASEAN energy mix, where traditional biomass is the prominent fuel for poorer, less stable countries like Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar, while the amount of the traditional fuel is low for stable, fossil-fuel intensive countries like Singapore and Malaysia. It is the first study to focus on political stability as ASEAN-9's main panel and shows that the overall indicator can misrepresent the actual progress in clean energy. It calls for differentiation between the traditional renewables and modern renewables in ASEAN taxonomies, providing governments and development banks and green-bond issuers with actionable guidance.
A causal analysis of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) optimization in the digital finance ecosystem : a DEMATEL-ANP approach
Nahdiyah Istiqomah; Dian Masyita (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-15)
Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) is an innovative Islamic social finance instrument that combines cash waqf and sovereign sukuk to support sustainable socio-economic development in Indonesia. This instrument offers great promise, but the optimization of its utility within the digital finance ecosystem is still constrained by a number of institutional, behavioral, governance and competitiveness challenges. This leads to the main research question of how CWLS can be optimized to be a more effective instrument for socio-economic and sustainable financing in Islamic finance. This study aims to answer the question of what are the cause-effect relationships between the supporting and inhibiting factors of its optimization and what are the strategic priorities for strengthening its implementation through digital finance. The study uses the DANP (Dematel based Analytic Network Process) approach. The study is based on experts from three groups of stakeholders government/regulatory bodies, institutional distribution partners and academicians. Potential factors were identified through an extensive literature review and validated using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Modified Kappa statistics. Then, the potential factors were analyzed using DANP to identify causal relationships and interdependencies and to establish strategic priorities. The results show that literacy, trust, professionalism, transparency and competitiveness are the main dimensions that influence the optimization of the instrument. Trust was found to be the most important supporting dimension while literacy and competitiveness were the key driving dimensions throughout the ecosystem. The inhibiting perspective shows that the main obstacles are low public awareness of waqf and this instrument, weak positioning and competitiveness, accountability and transparency issues, and limited managerial capacity of waqf institutions. Digital finance is found to be an enabling ecosystem enhancing accessibility, transparency, stakeholder engagement, institutional efficiency and information dissemination in these dimensions. The overall findings point to the potential for CWLS to be optimized as a more effective instrument for socio-economic and sustainable Islamic financing by a sequenced strategy that first enhances digital-based literacy and competitiveness, then institutional trust and transparency, which are then consolidated through stronger professional governance. This study contributes to the literature on Islamic social finance by offering a holistic causal and priority-based framework for optimizing this instrument and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, waqf institutions, Islamic financial institutions and other stakeholders seeking to enhance its sustainability within Indonesia's digital finance ecosystem.
Disaggregated UN foreign aid and economic growth in Afghanistan, 1990-2023
Zada, Sirajuddin Arab; Fajar Bambang Hirawan (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2026-07-15)
This thesis examines the relationship between disaggregated UN foreign aid and economic growth in Afghanistan over the period from 1990-2023. This study breaks down aid flows provided by United Nations agencies such as the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and the World Food Programme (WFP) to examine their impact on economic growth in Afghanistan. The study identifies both the short-run and the long-run effects on GDP per capita using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The findings reveal that foreign aid does not have a uniform impact on Afghanistan's economic growth. No long-run effect is identified for any agency and the error-correction term is positive, but insignificant, given the sample of observations is limited to 34 and the long-run implication is not strongly identified. However, disaggregated aid exhibits heterogeneous effects. In the short run, UNFPA aid has a positive and statistically significant effect on GDP per capita, suggesting that investments in health and population programmes contribute to human capital development and economic performance. In contrast, WFP aid shows a mixed short-run pattern: a significant negative contemporaneous effect, reflecting its consumption-oriented humanitarian role, followed by a significant positive effect after four years. Overall, the results suggest that the effectiveness of foreign aid depends on its type, timing, and institutional channel. The findings further indicate that strengthening institutional capacity, improving governance, and prioritizing development-oriented assistance are essential to enhance the long-term effectiveness of foreign aid in supporting sustainable economic growth in Afghanistan.