Browsing by Author "Nikzad, Tareq"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    The impact of economic growth on unemployment and poverty : evidence from Muslim countries
    (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Nikzad, Tareq; Teguh Yudo Wicaksono; Fajar B. Hirawan
    Economic growth, employment, and poverty are major factors and critical dimensions of development that affect significantly the lives of the people in nations which are members of the Organization of the Islamic Cooperation (OIC). This research is dedicated to exploring the interaction of economic growth, unemployment, and poverty in the context of Muslim-OIC countries. The importance of this study stems from the fact that it carries the prospects for shedding light on the crucial economic phenomena of the growth of economic operations and the effects of this growth on unemployment and poverty with reference to the special conditions of the OIC countries. A detailed research study of correlation between economic growth, unemployment and poverty in Muslim countries has been done with the help of data analysis for the years 1990-2022. The study has been designed to synthesize quantitative data collected and the number of Muslim countries used in the study vary in accordance to the availability of data. The data from OIC countries in Europe, South America, Central Asia, Middle East, south & South east Asia, and Africa and aimed to assess the economic growth impact on these vital socioeconomic indicators. Analyzing the regression results derived from the POLS, Fixed Effects, and Random Effects; it is possible to highlight the following findings that will help to explain the interrelated processes taking place. For instance, FE model estimated shows that the coefficient of GDP per capita (-2.681) has a negative impact on poverty level, meaning that with the increase in GDP per capita, poverty level significantly reduces in the countries. In the same vein, although the coefficient for trade is positive (0.011) when estimated using the results from the RE model, the effect on poverty is less profound compared to what the FE model show. Besides, the findings of the regression analysis have revealed the significance of factors like FDI, the structure of labor force with varying education standard and population growth to unemployment in Muslim countries. The negative coefficients including FDI (-0.031), labor force with Intermediary educational level (-0.022) and population growth (-0.268) assert the unemployment reducing factors. Consequently, the goal of this research, via a literature review, will be to establish the gaps in knowledge regarding the relationship between unemployment and poverty in nations belonging to the OIC in the long-run as influenced by economic growth.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    The impact of inflation rate and interest rate on Islamic and conventional banking in Afghanistan
    (ZAIN Publications, 2023-11) Nikzad, Tareq
    Since the first bank was established in 1933, Afghanistan's banking sector has seen a number of variations but hasn't been able to grow to its full potential because of the civil war. The implementation of dual banks in Afghanistan is investigated in this study in relation to the effects of inflation and interest rates. This research took data from World Bank Data (WBD) over a period of nineteen years. For the banking sector, inflation, which is the general rise in prices of goods and services over time, presents considerable difficulties. The objectives of this research are to analyze the effect of inflation and interest rates on conventional and Islamic banks in Afghanistan, identify potential differences between these two banking models, and provide insights for policymakers and practitioners. A mixed-methods approach is used in the research to analyze quantitative data and qualitatively examine the unique difficulties that banks in Afghanistan's economic atmosphere encounter. The findings contribute to the understanding of the relationship between interest rate, inflation rate, and the performance of both banking systems in Afghanistan. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers and banking institutions to enhance the stability and growth of the banking sector in Afghanistan. Interest is described as "a prefixed rate for use or borrowing of money" from an Islamic perspective. This "prefixed rate," known in Islamic economics as "riba," has been described as "something undesirable." Furthermore, by using the time series regression data technique on the annual data from 2003 to 2021, this research examines the effect of CPI inflation rate and interest rate of Banking in Afghanistan.