Browsing by Author "Rininta Nurrachmi"
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Item Open Access Determinants of clove production in Zanzibar : evidence from VECM model(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-01) Nyange, Asia Khamis; Rininta NurrachmiCloves are not only a treasured cash crop in Zanzibar; they are an economic life-preserver, keeping export incomes and rural prosperity in place. The production of cloves, once a booming part of the export economy of the archipelago, has continued to shrink, raising serious questions about its root causes. In response to this call, this work explores how climatic factors as well as economic factors shape clove production in Zanzibar. Using secondary time series data from 1980 to 2024, sourced from the office of the chief government statistician Zanzibar, FAO and NOOA, this research used EViews software as a tool for data analysis, while R and STATA were used for graphical presentations. In addition, the analytical approach used descriptive statistics, as well as a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to reflect any immediate and long-term impacts. In the short-term analysis, result shows that Zanzibar clove production is primarily influenced by temperature (lag 1), producer price (lag 1), Precipitation (lag 2) and Ocean Nino Index (lag 1). However, several factors such as Producer Price (lag two), Temperature (lag two), Precipitation (lag two), Ocean Nino Index (lag two), Exchange Rate (lag one and two) and Clove export (lag one and lag two) do not have a statistically significant impact. Moreover, in the long run analysis, the study finds that Zanzibar’s clove production is significantly determined by most of the factors included in the model which are temperature, Ocean Nino Index, Exchange Rate and clove export. In contrast, the study finds that precipitation and producer price do not have a significant impact on clove production in long run. Overall, the study concludes that clove production in Zanzibar main determined by temperature, Ocean Nino Index, producer price, Exchange Rate, clove export and precipitation. Based on these findings, this paper proposes a climate adaptation plan on clove sector in Zanzibar. These are the establishment of drought tolerant cloves varieties, reinforced agro-extension programs, integrated agroforestry with the use of shade and nitrogen fixing trees like Gliricidia sepium and Albizia lebbeck.Item Open Access Examining Filipino student’s adoption factors on switching from cash to mobile wallet payment : an UTAUT theory approach(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-07-31) Mangindalat,Rosda Latipa; Rininta NurrachmiThe accelerated shift toward digital finance in Southeast Asia has placed mobile wallets at the forefront of financial innovation. In Philippines, however, mobile payment adoption remains inconsistent due to infrastructure, socio-economic, and behavioral factors. This study investigates the determinants influencing Filipino student’s adoption of mobile wallet payments, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the primary framework. The research employed a quantitative design using a structure survey distributed to 171 Filipino student, with a majority residing in region 12 (SOCCSKSARGEN). Data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the relationships among six main constructs: Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Intention to Use, and Use Behavior. Findings revealed that Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy significantly influenced students’ intention to use mobile wallets. Notably, Social Influence also showed a statistically significant effect, suggesting that continued relevance of peer and social norms in technology adoption among youth. Facilitating Conditions strongly predicted actual Use Behavior, indicating that access to digital infrastructure, device compatibility, and app usability are critical enablers of sustained adoption. The study also found that financial autonomy through allowance, scholarships, or part-time work moderated usage behavior. Most students had been using wallets for 6 to 12 months, and the majority preferred GCash, underscoring brand dominance and platforms loyalty. Practically, the results support the need for stake holders’ specific intervention such as region sensitive infrastructure planning, digital literacy initiatives, and platforms designs tailored to student needs. Policy makers, educators, fintech developers, and digital inclusion advocates can benefit from this study’s insights. Ultimately, this research contributes to the evolving discourse on digital finance by offering a nuanced view of mobile adoption among a digital savvy yet economically diverse youth population in the Philippines.Item Embargo Impact of economic growth and environmental sustainability on carbon emission in selected South Asian countries : a panel ARDL model analysis(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-10) Marwat, Mohammad Jawid; Rininta Nurrachmi; Aimatul YumnaRising CO2 emissions in South Asian economies pose significant environmental challenges, driven by industrialization, economic progress, foreign direct investment (FDI), and agricultural productivity. This study aims to examine the impact of economic development on CO2 emissions and explore influence of GDP per capita, FDI, industrialization (INDS), and agricultural productivity (AGVAD) on emissions in the short and long run, and examination presence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in selected South Asian countries over the past 40 years. Using a quantitative approach, panel ARDL model through Pool Mean Group (PMG) estimator is employed, justified by the failure of Dynamic Fixed Effects and Mean Group estimators, balancing long run homogeneity with short run heterogeneity. Short run findings reveal insignificant effects, with agricultural productivity, industrialization, and FDI reducing emissions by 1.92%, 1,89%, 0.98%, respectively, while agricultural and FDI and industrial FDI show negligible impacts, highlighting weak sectoral dynamics. The GDP squared term provides no EKC support, and the ECT of interaction model’s indicates weak convergence. Long run findings highlight sectoral influences, with agricultural productivity and FDI the result further demonstrate the increasing of emissions by 1.18% due to intensified agricultural practices, while industrialization and FDI reduces emissions by 6.70% reflecting green industrial technologies. FDI showed significantly increase emission by 141.15%, indicating a pollution haven effect, while GDP squared lacks EKC support. The significant ECT suggests a 19.32% adjustment speed toward equilibrium. These results underscore the need targeted policies to regulate agricultural FDI, promote green industrial FDI, and implement structural changes to mitigate emissions, as economic growth alone does not reduce CO2 emissions. Policymakers should prioritize sustainable agriculture and stringent FDI regulations to address South Asia’s environmental challenges effectively.Item Open Access Impact of mobile money on climate smart agricultural practices and GHG emission reduction in Kenya's agricultural sector(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-01) Majid, Ruwaida Mohamed; Istiana Maftuchah; Rininta NurrachmiThis study investigates how mobile money facilitates the adoption of climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices and reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through waste-to-energy transitions in Kenya's agricultural sector. Despite agriculture being a major contributor to Kenya’s GDP, farmers face severe financing constraints, receiving only 3.5% of total bank lending in 2023, which limits their ability to invest in sustainable technologies. This financial exclusion presents a significant barrier to climate mitigation and adaptation, particularly among smallholder farmers vulnerable to weather volatility and rising GHG emissions. Using monthly time-series data from 2008 to 2024, this study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze the impact of mobile money and financial inclusion on CSA adoption and GHG emissions. A scenario and sensitivity analysis were also conducted to evaluate farmers’ potential earnings from carbon credit sales through briquette compaction and organic fertilizer production. The results indicate that a 1% increase in mobile money use reduces GHG emissions by 0.384%, while a similar rise in financial inclusion leads to a 0.217% decline. Moreover, the scenario and sensitivity analysis reveal a compounding pattern: carbon revenue increases with both carbon price and adoption scale. At just 5% adoption and $20/tCO₂e, briquette compaction can yield $31.36 (KES 4,547) per farmer per month, enough to lift some above Kenya’s rural poverty line of KES 3,252/month. Even at base-case levels ($10, 1% adoption), farmers can earn KES 1,134/month, which can cover school fees or repay input loans. The study concludes that mobile money is a scalable tool to close the agricultural finance gap, enhance CSA adoption, and operationalize Kenya’s climate ambitions.Item Controlled Access Optimizing the role of sharia life insurance in achieving sustainable development goals (SDG 3 and 8) post spin-off policy(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-07-23) Nur Halimatus Sakdiyah; Rininta Nurrachmi; Istiana MaftuchahBased on the phenomenon of crisis and predictions of health and financial crises expected to occur in the next 25 years by Hanika (2024), this study will identify the opportunities and challenges of Sharia life insurance (SLI) in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3 on good health and well-being and SDG 8 on decent work and economic growth), considering the new spin-off policy from FSA Indonesia Regulation No. 11 of 2023, this study will also analyze the effectiveness of the policy through Lawrence M Friedman's theory based on three elements: structural, substantial, and cultural. Further identification determines the priorities of opportunities and challenges in the SLI industry using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) approach with criteria obtained from literature reviews, interviews, and questionnaires from three expert respondents, namely Bumiputera Sharia Life Insurance, FSA Indonesia, and BRI Life Insurance's business unit. The research results indicate that the role of SLI can achieve SDG targets 3 and 8 in ending infectious disease epidemics, reducing premature deaths, achieving universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, increasing health financing, as well as achieving per capita economic growth, full and productive employment, and the development of sustainable tourism policies. Second, spin-off policies are effective in all issues of SLI through the structure, substance, and legal culture of Lawrence M. Friedman's theory. Third, the main opportunities identified are good governance, technology development, and employee management. Finally, the main challenges include product innovation, improving public literacy, and increasing the number of policyholders.Item Open Access Rethinking the relationship between milk drinking and population health outcomes(Institute for Research and Community Empowerment of the Tazkia Islamic University College, 2024-07-30) Rininta NurrachmiDairy products are important ingredients for healthily and balanced diet. Past research often points to a positive relationship between milk drinking and population health outcomes. However, attempts to conceptualize the relationship between milk drinking and health outcomes are inconclusive. Hence, this paper aims to aid understanding and explaining the relationship between intake of milk and dairy products with population health outcomes based on existing studies within the period of 2001 until 2024 using Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as indicator of health outcomes. The methodology of our paper is qualitative in nature and adopts methods of library research and critical content analysis. An introduction shows that there are benefits of consuming milk on human health. The result indicates that regular intake of milk could potential lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) based on scientifical research in several countries. With many type of milk, people need to adjust which milk that suitable and beneficial for their body based on its nutrition.Item Embargo Sharia-based securities crowdfunding for environmental sustainability goals : practitioners’ perceptions, platform initiatives, and institutional performances(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-07-17) Ahmad Akram Tjoteng; Rininta Nurrachmi; Aimatul YumnaThis study explores the extent to which Sharia-Based Securities Crowdfunding (SBSC) platforms in Indonesia involve in environmental sustainability goals. Using a qualitative research approach, the study aims to evaluate the platforms’ perceptions, initiatives, and institutional performances related to environmental sustainability, particularly in the context of SBSC platforms. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with four key informants from three selected platforms with the highest distributed fund as of February 21, 2025—SHAFIQ, LBS Urun Dana, and Urun-RI. Secondary data were selectively obtained from official website publications of the selected platforms. The analysis was conducted using an inductive approach supported by NVivo to identify emerging themes. Findings show that SBSC platforms are developing awareness regarding environmental sustainability practices. Informants demonstrated knowledge of environmentally aligned business sectors, such as renewable energy, organic fertilize-based farming, waste management, and electric vehicles. Some platforms also associate environmental-related projects with national development strategies and Sustainable Development Goals. However, this conceptual understanding has not yet reflected in institutionalized criteria or structured mechanisms for environmental-related sustainability project evaluation. While one platform has taken proactive steps—such as implementing a ‘green label’ to mark SDG-aligned offerings—others have not yet adopted similar mechanisms. Collaborations with several communities and educational initiatives on green financing also indicate emerging engagement. However, these initiatives remain fragmented and largely informal across platforms. From an institutional performance perspective, the research highlights several limitations. None of the selected platforms apply sustainability-related criteria, nor do they offer incentives for environmentally sustainable projects. This also reflects their standard assessment of securities offerings. Informants also confirmed the absence of specified environmental impact evaluations, which indicated that green-related projects are evaluated using the same business-as-usual considerations as conventional ones. Furthermore, regulatory gaps and limited operational coverage were identified as barriers. In brief, growing awareness and early-stage initiatives toward environmental sustainability within SBSC platforms in Indonesia, these have not yet matured into systematic and institutionalized practices. Regulatory support, sustainability-based frameworks, and incentive mechanisms are necessary to elevate the role of SBSC in supporting SDGs, particularly in the context of environmental aspect.Item Embargo Sustainable finance and energy poverty : empirical insights from Asia-Pacific countries(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-07-28) Dea Fajria Tatarizqa Japal; Rininta Nurrachmi; Aimatul YumnaEnergy poverty, defined as the proportion of the population without access to electricity, is a multidimensional challenge that hinders sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region. This study empirically examines how sustainable finance, proxied by renewable energy investment, can contribute to reducing energy poverty levels in 38 countries in the Asia-Pacific region during the period 2016–2025. By combining the Green Finance Transmission Framework (GSPE) and the STIRPAT model, this study applies panel data regression and tests the mediating mechanism of renewable energy consumption, along with control variables such as GDP per capita, foreign direct investment (FDI), and urban population. The results indicate that sustainable finance has a significant direct impact on reducing energy poverty. However, interestingly, the mediating mechanism through renewable energy consumption is statistically significant, suggesting that the impact of sustainable finance on energy is always channeled through increased clean energy consumption, and there may be constraints in terms of adoption, distribution, or energy infrastructure. Additionally, GDP per capita significantly accelerates the reduction of energy poverty, but this finding differs from previous studies as it shows that in Asia-Pacific countries, income growth is more effective when accompanied by good energy governance. Meanwhile, FDI does not show a significant effect, suggesting that foreign capital flows have not been optimally directed toward inclusive energy sectors or remain concentrated in carbon- intensive sectors. Interestingly, urbanization actually exacerbates energy poverty in the short term, highlighting infrastructure disparities in rapidly growing urban areas. These findings are validated through robustness tests using a first-difference approach and clustered standard errors. Overall, this study enriches the literature on the relationship between sustainable finance and energy justice, emphasizing the importance of designing financial policies that target social impacts, not just environmental aspects. This research also provides empirical foundations to support the achievement of SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) in the Asia- Pacific region.Item Open Access The nexus between income inequality and environmental degradation in ASEAN-6 countries during 1992–2015 from Islamic perspective(Department of Islamic Economics, IPB University with The Indonesian Association of Islamic Economict, 2024-06-28) Rininta Nurrachmi; Jarita Duasa; Muhammad Irwan Arifin; Rafia AfrozThe purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between income inequality and environmental degradation in ASEAN-6 countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, and Vietnam. It also provide analysis from the Islamic perspective based on result of the econometric regression. The study utilizes annual panel data from1992 until 2015 where the region suffered from high income distribution and environmental degradation. The analytical tool used in the study is Bias-Corrected Least Squared Dummy Variable (LSDVC), which is sufficient for small panel data. The methodological approach leads to two main findings. First, income inequality, measured by Gini coefficient, is contributing to environmental degradation (proxied by CO₂ emission and Natural Resources Depletion) in the short- and long-run term. Other explanatory variables namely GDP per capita and energy consumption, also impact significantly on environmental degradation level in the short- and long-term. From the findings, it is recommended that greater investment is required in addressing high level of income inequality and environmental issues. Instruments in Islam such as zakat and waqf provide solution to overcome issue of high income gap and environmental degradation in ASEAN-6 countries, moreover majority of Muslim population located in ASEAN countries. Hence, collaboration should be enhanced among the ASEAN-6 countries where wealth distribution, technology and knowledge sharing from high income countries to low and middle-income in ASEAN countries to mitigate the negative impact of high income inequality and environmental issue in the region.Item Open Access The role of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil Tunas Harapan Syantara in the management of clean water facilities in Pesanggrahan village, East Lombok(Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Al-Washliyah Sibolga, 2024-09-06) Sarni; Dedy Rachmad; Rininta NurrachmiThis research departs from the problem of managing clean water sources in Pesanggrahan Village, East Lombok which was carried out by Baitul Maal wa Tamwil Tunas Harapan Syantara. In conducting research, the study used qualitative research based on interviews, documentation and questionnaires as primary data in this research. In the next stage, the study analyzes the data using management theory and SWOT to look at planning, organizing, implementing, controlling models and the problems faced. After going through a long academic research process, the result indicates that the value of strengths-weakness (2.53-0.58): 2 = 0.98, while opportunities (1.50) – Threats (1.14): 2 = 0.18. The finding also indicates that the SWOT analysis quadrant graphic, the position of clean water source management is in quadrant I, which means it is good for the continuation of clean water management in Pesanggrahan Village. The next strategy that must be carried out is promotion, using advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, direct marketing and public relations.