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al-Tafsīr bi al-ṣūra : visual exegesis and the qur’ānic–image nexus in the Persian illustrated manuscript of Isḥāq Ibn Ibrāhīm al-nishāpūrī’s qiṣaṣ al-‘anbiyā’ (ms. 18576 British Library)
Muhammad Nuril Fauzan; Akhmad Mughzi Abdillah (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-01)
The integration of exegesis and art is not a recent development; the incorporation of Qur’ānic discourse into artistic forms has long been practiced, particularly during the Islamic dynastic periods. One notable manifestation of this is the emergence of illustrated manuscripts in the Persian world, in which classical Qur’ānic stories were adapted into richly illuminated texts containing Qur’ānic verses, narrative prose, and visual depictions. This study investigates the historical moment and conditions under which Qiṣaṣ al- ‘Anbiyāʾ became visually illustrated, the extent of integration among verse, narrative, and image, and the degree to which illustrations may operate as tafsīr or exegetical agents. To address these questions, the study adopts a qualitative approach by combining semiotic and linguistic analysis in examining al-Nīshāpūrī’s Qiṣaṣ al-‘Anbiyā’ (Add Ms. 18576), with a specific limitation on Ibrāhīm’s attempted sacrifice of Ismā'īl's narrative. It draws on Tzvetan Todorov’s narrative theory and Roland Barthes’s two-order semiotics, while also incorporating supplementary frameworks such as W.J.T. Mitchell’s theory of images as quasi-objects and Kress and van Leeuwen’s model of information value (Given and New). The findings suggest that the genre of illustrated Qiṣaṣ al-‘Anbiyāʾ manuscripts began to flourish and be mass-produced during the 16th century, following a long and multifaceted process of development. Within these manuscripts, the internal integration of Qur’ānic verses, prose narratives, and illustrations reveals a coherent structural and semantic relationship. Illustrations, in particular, are shown to function not merely as decorative elements but as visual exegetes, interpreting and expanding upon Qur’ānic narratives. They operate both alongside textual narratives and in the absence of Qur’ānic verses, filling exegetical silences and serving as anchoring devices that convey theological and narrative meaning.
Sociodemographic factors and the experiences of school bullying : a study of bullied students in grades 10-12 in Kabul, Afghanistan
Ahmadi, Benafsha; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti; Tati Lathipatud Durriyah (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-09-18)
Decades of war in Afghanistan have significantly increased violence in the society. Violence has become a normalized part of daily life, characterizing, influencing, or shaping nearly all their social interactions. According to research, adolescents who experience violence in their daily lives often develop pro-aggressive moral cognitions, which can significantly raise their likelihood of being involved in bullying behavior. Despite bullying being an important topic and a form of violence against children, there has been little research on it in Afghanistan, particularly in Kabul, the capital city, with its diverse socio-demographic background. Therefore, this thesis research explored the experience of bullying and how sociodemographic factors such as age, ethnicity, language, and religious beliefs shape the nature of bullying experiences among 10 students in grades 10-12 in Kabul, Afghanistan. This study applied a qualitative research methodology. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with students and teachers' perspectives. Thematic analysis was applied to identify recurring patterns in the data. The findings of this study revealed that students are often experiencing bullying in their schools, with verbal bullying happening almost every day and physical bullying taking place twice or more in a week. The results also show that bullying in their schools takes several forms, including verbal, physical, and social, with verbal and physical bullying being the most common among students. Regarding locations where bullying occurs, classrooms and hallways are identified as the main places where bullying occurs, while the schoolyard is mentioned as being reported less frequently than the other two places. Regarding certain sociodemographic factors such as age, ethnicity, language, and religious belief roles on bullying experiences of students, the findings revealed that students belonging to the Hazara and Uzbek ethnic groups are experiencing ethnic bullying in their schools. In the case of accent, students from various language groups stated that they were verbally bullied because of the way they spoke. About religious bullying, students who identified themselves as the Shia Islamic sect mentioned that they experienced religious-based bullying in their schools. In the case of age, students experienced bullying from the same age group and seniors.
White Muslim convert in the UK : beyond integration paradigm and the politics of “the other”
Abd Basith Abdullah; Bhirawa Anoraga (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-05)
The notion of Islam as incompatible with British values is still exist in the body of British society. But what occurs when an individual identified as Muslim cannot be categorized as 'outsider' or 'brown'? In what ways does broader society define and interpret their identities? The white British Muslim demographic presents a compelling subject for exploration. Muslims, whether through conversion or heritage from converted parents or grandparents. Their presence challenge racialized representations of Muslims as 'brown bodies.' They also interrogate the implications of being white and English, Scottish, Northern Irish, or Welsh identities that are frequently linked to Christianity. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explore how the interplay of "whiteness" and "Muslimness" in contributes to gradual decline while simultaneously sustaining the racial hierarchy. Furthermore, the main argument of this study is that, while white converts challenge the common binaries between Islam and whiteness by embodying both identities, simultaneously, they sustain the rachial hierarchy particularly within Muslim community by embodying their white privilege in their daily life. Additionally, I will utilize Leon Moosavi’ theory of Re-racialization as the theoretical framework of this research and hope can give more nuance of how white Muslim converts engage with and perpetuate racial inequalities in Britain. This research will address two primary research questions. First: To what extent do white Muslim converts challenge and reinforce racial inequality? Secondly, in what ways do white Muslim converts articulate their identity following their conversion? Conversely, qualitative research will serve as the primary method for this study. I will employ interview data from white Muslim converts, drawing on previous research including journal articles, books, news sources, and online resources. Furthermore, to strengthen the credibility of this research, I will include my in-depth interviews with several white convert students. This approach will allowes me to broaden my exploration and comprehension of the intricate social phenomena related to Islam and British values.
التجربة النيجيرية في تطبيق الشريعة الإسلامية : المحاكم الشرعية بين التراث والحداثة
Muhammad, Abdullahi Abubakar; Waked, Ahmed Ahmed Hassan (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-01)
أحد أكثر القضايا إثارة للجدل في الساحة الأكاديمية هو العلاقة بين الشريعة والدولة، إذ أن الدولة تستمد شريعتها السياسية من تمثيل قومية مستقلة وذات سيادة. فهي تعتبر نفسها رب الأرباب وصاحبة السيادة. لذلك وصفها بعض المفكرين بالمشروع الشبيه بالاله بامتياز، وأنها هي غاية نفسها، ولا تعرف ، بفضل دستورها ذاته سوى نفسها وميتافيزيقيتها فحسب. لذلك يرى أن تطبيق قانون ديني (الشريعة الإسلامية في دولة ، قومية وحديثة أمر مثير للجدل يرى بعض المفكرين مثل وائل حلاق، بأن هياكل الدولة الحديثة لم تكن أبدا متوافقة مع الحكم الإسلامي، وأن تطبيق الشريعة كقانون للدولة أمر مستحيل وأن الشريعة الإسلامية مرنة وتقنينها يجعلها تفقد مرونتها في المقابل، يرى بعض المفكرين أيضا، مثل محمد فاضل إمكانية الدمج بين الشريعة وقانون الدولة من خلال إصلاح الفقه الإسلامي ليكون منسجما مع المؤسات الليبرالية. لذلك، يسعى هذا البحث للإجابة عن السؤال الآتي: هل من الممكن تطبيق الشريعة في إطار الدولة القومية الحديثة، مثل نيجيريا، ولو بشكل جزئي دون أن يؤدي ذلك إلى مرونتها الفقهية أو إخضاعها الإصلاحات تفرض عليها الانسجام مع المؤسسات الليبرالية الحديثة؟. للإجابة عن هذا السؤال، يتناول البحث التجربة النيجيرية في تطبيق وتقنين الشريعة من خلال توضيح كيف هو حال النظام القضائي في المحاكم الشرعية وكيف تتفاعل المحاكم مع التحديات اللازمة للنظام القضائي في الدولة، خصوصا من سنة 1999 إلى 2024. ويعتمد البحث على وثائق وقرارات المحاكم الشرعية والمقابلات مع قضاة المحاكم وبعض الموظفين المعنيين بتسجيل القضايا في المحاكم.
Campaigning Islam : ideology, identity, and populist discourse of PPP and PKS in the 2024 Indonesia general election
Muhammad Fahmi Asshidqy; Farish A. Noor (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2025-08-11)
This study examines the Instagram-based campaign discourse of Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) and Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) during the 2024 Indonesian general election. It focuses on how these parties construct religious and political identities and engage with populist discourse in the digital sphere. Drawing from the official Instagram accounts of both parties, the analysis covers textual content in captions and embedded text within images posted a month prior to and during the campaign period. The research adopts a qualitative interpretive paradigm, combining thematic analysis with the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) to identify thematic patterns and discourse strategies. The findings reveal that both parties employ a mix of strategic political communication, including informational, persuasive, and relational identity strategies, although these often overlap and produce tensions in meaning. While Islamic ideology and identity remain salient reference point, it is framed through varying degrees of religious nationalism, populist rhetoric, and programmatic and emotional appeals. It also highlights the intersection of religion, populism, and digital political communication in a competitive electoral environment. The research is limited to publicly available Instagram data from two Islamic parties, excludes visual semiotic analysis beyond textual elements, and does not constitute a theological or religious study. The research findings are: First, parties have framed the ideological shift toward post-Islamism. Both parties are moving away from Islamist programmatic appeals toward an electoral campaign that blends religious allusions with civic/programmatic discourse. PKS combines religious language with policy commitments and political activity, whereas PPP emphasizes normative religious discourse and symbolic appeals. Second, the political identity of the PPP is characterized as normative, whereas the PKS is identified as programmatic. An examination of nomination, predication, and topoi indicates that PPP constructs a normative political identity, underscoring moral guardianship, tradition, and symbolic solidarity. In contrast, PKS develops a critical identity, focusing on government critique, problem-solving discourse, and organized activism. For example, PPP focused on disseminating straightforward and practical information. PKS aims not only to provide practical advice but also to educate its followers about the party's programs and struggles. Third, the parties are transitioning their religious identity from a santri party to an ummah party, reflecting convergent yet distinct trajectories. Both parties continue to embody santri identities; however, campaign posts indicate a discursive reconfiguration wherein both aim to represent the ummah (the Muslim community) instead of specific santri subgroups. The last, parties employ populism differently. It appears that PPP populism is symbolic primarily and incomplete. Although not demonizing elites, the party employs emotive discourse and solidarity narratives. However, PKS strengthens populist arguments by linking moral and critical issues to regime failures to govern.