Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia Repository
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Port security and preman organizations in Indonesia
(Taylor and Francis, 2024-10-09) Yanwar Pribadi
Strongmen have long been widely associated with bandits, violent entrepreneurs or revolutionaries. Such strongmen should be differentiated from the strongmen of politics. The latter are defined as political leaders who rule by repression and exercise an authoritarian administration, while the former are defined as gangsters who benefit from local insecurities to obtain an occupation, build their reputation and accumulate social and political influence when they become involved in politics. In the case of Indonesia, there have already been several significant works on these stereotypically sturdy and muscular people, who have been represented as bandits (Suhartono Citation1995), village leaders (Onghokham Citation1978), rebels (Cribb Citation1991), local heroes, powerbrokers and criminals (Schulte Nordholt Citation1991). Preman, Indonesian contemporary free men (Dutch: vrije mannen), stand in between a blurred line of strongmen and violent groups. Preman (thug) was originally used to refer to irregular or demobilized soldiers; later, the term came to mean bandit and then gangster.
The future of artificial intelligence in/and of Islam : a view from muslim Southeast Asia
(Indiana University Press, 2024-10-09) Bhirawa Anoraga
The conference on “The Future of Artificial Intelligence in/and of Islam: A View from Muslim Southeast Asia” was held on July 2-4, 2024, at Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia (UIII). The conference was initiated by the Faculty of Islamic Studies UIII in collaboration with Project 0100 led by Bart Barendregt (Leiden University, the Netherlands). The conference aims to “explore the dynamic intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and Islam … [and] discuss the profound implications arising from the co-production of digital and religious futures.” Barendregt also asserted that Southeast Asia was selected as the conference’s focus since “Southeast Asia [does] not only [have] a significant Muslim population … it is also very much at the forefront of digital technologies interacting with them in everyday practices.” The conference covered three main programs: Keynote Speeches, Panel Sessions, and Masterclasses. This writing focuses on the discussions in the keynote speeches and exclusive panel sessions, with more detailed explanations dedicated to the keynote speeches. Masterclasses focused primarily on technical and practical engagement directly with the audience.
Longitudinal study of school climate instrument with secondary school students : validity and reliability analysis with the rasch model
(University of Malaya, 2024-10) Siti Nadya Zynuddin; Bambang Sumintono
The school climate plays a pivotal role in students’ outcomes. Previous literature has highlighted several methodological approaches employed in the school climate domain, including longitudinal studies. However, little is known about the validity and reliability of school climate instruments for longitudinal studies using Rasch analysis. Rasch model is a powerful approach to validate assessment on both item and test levels. Rasch model is coined from the probability of each response and includes item difficulty parameters to characterize the measured items. Moreover, the score represents the item and the person involved with the assessment. Thus, the current study aimed to validate school climate instruments for longitudinal studies with a six-month gap within the context of secondary school students by utilising Rasch analysis. This study evaluated aspects of reliability and validity, such as unidimensionality, rating scale analysis, item fit statistics, item targeting, and differential item functioning. A total of 1,495 secondary school students from public schools in Selangor, Malaysia, completed a 28-item Malay version of the school climate survey at Time-1 and Time-2, with a six-month gap. The results of the Rasch analysis indicated that the instrument had excellent reliability and separation indices, excellent unidimensionality and construct validity, a functional rating scale, good item-person targeting, and good item fit statistics. The current findings provided valid and reliable insights pertinent for policymakers to strategise interventions and initiatives to enhance the quality of school climate and overall education, particularly in the Asian context.
al-Ḥarāk al-ṣūfī wa al-da’wah al-insānīyyah fī Indūnīsīyā: Ḥālah al-Ḥabīb Abī Bakr al-’Aṭṭās al-Zabīdī
(Center for the Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta, 2024) Syamsul Rijal; Musa Alkadzim Alhabsyi
Studies on Ba'alawi preachers in Indonesia have predominantly focused on popular figures who utilize new media and popular culture in their preaching to appeal to young Muslims. However, there has been a lack of attention given to Ba'alawi preachers who avoid publicity and prioritize humanitarian activities. This article examines the case of Ḥabīb Abū Bakr al-‘Aṭṭās al-Zabīdī (popularly known as Abuya/My Father by his followers), who has garnered a significant following across several Indonesian provinces. His followers regard him as a generous, peace-oriented Sufi who not only advocates for spreading peace and kindness but also embodies these values through humanitarian acts towards those in need, regardless of their religion or ethnicity. This article explores his mobility in business and da'wah across Indonesia and analyzes the methods he uses to distribute charities and empower Muslim communities. The case of Habib Abubakar demonstrates that Sufism transcends mere individual asceticism and detachment from worldly possessions; rather, its spiritual essence is manifested through active involvement in social and humanitarian affairs.
Forced marriage and sex trafficking under the guise of nikah siri in Indonesia
(Center for the Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta, 2024) Zezen Zaenal Mutaqin; Yayan Sopyan
Prostitution, forced marriage, and sex trafficking have long been practiced in the Puncak area of West Java, Indonesia. The practice is condoned not only by the surrounding community but also by state officials. This paper resulted from our field research, interviews, and observation in the Puncak area. In addition, it includes an extensive literature review, which encompasses the study of Indonesian and international law regulation, academic writing, and media reports. This paper seeks to uncover the reasons why the practices of sex trafficking and forced marriage are tolerated and what has led to this approval. By dwelling on legal, historical, and anthropological studies, this paper argues that the practices are tolerated because they hide behind a thick veil of cultural-religious justification and are obscured by legal tricks/stratagems, which we call 'trafficking framing.' This framing conceals and camouflages sex trafficking and forced marriage under accepted legal-cultural practices. This paper seeks to uncover the veil of trafficking framing and reveal that the practice of secret marriage (nikah siri) in Puncak is nothing but sex trafficking.