Browsing by Author "Ayaz, Maria"

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    Human capital for economic development : a study of education production performance (EPP) in Khairpur
    (ZAIN Publications, 2024-02) Junejo, Safiullah; Ayaz, Maria
    The analysis of education production performance involves evaluating the inputs of faculty, teachers, and students to determine the academic achievement of students. This study aims to estimate the education production performance of both state and private higher secondary schools in Khairpur and identify the factors that affect instructional outcomes in the region. Education is crucial for development, as a highquality education system is essential for increasing people's skills, knowledge, and abilities, ultimately contributing to the growth of human capital. In a developing country like Pakistan, where policymakers face challenges such as a rapidly growing population, low levels of education, and limited resources, improving educational efficiency is critical to achieving progress. A thorough understanding of the factors that contribute to instructional success is essential in this regard. To construct the model, a cross-sectional dataset was used, and a standard least squares method was employed with annual examination results as the output variable and school inputs, student characteristics, family background, and teacher characteristics as the input variables for both private and public schools. The results of the study indicate that student characteristics, teacher qualities, and family background, except for the mother's education, career, and income, have a statistically significant impact on students' academic performance. The findings of this study have significant policy implications for Khairpur and Pakistan as a whole. Improving educational outcomes will be critical in enhancing the human capital stock, which, in turn, is essential for economic growth and improving living standards. By understanding the factors that contribute to instructional success, policymakers can devise effective strategies to address the challenges faced by the education sector and improve overall educational efficiency
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    Navigating leadership in the era of the single national curriculum in Pakistan : a case study of strategies and challenges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa schools
    (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Ayaz, Maria; Destina Wahyu Winarti; Bambang Sumintono
    In Pakistan, the Single National Curriculum (SNC) represents a significant educational reform aimed at standardizing education across the country to ensure equal and uniform opportunities for all students. This study focuses on the implementation of the SNC in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a province characterized by its socio-cultural and economic diversity. It investigates how school leaders have adapted their roles in response to the SNC, the challenges encountered, and the impact on educational quality, teacher training, and student outcomes. Using a qualitative case study design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and surveys with school leaders and teachers from various public schools, followed by thematic analysis to uncover key patterns. The findings reveal that school leaders have had to extensively alter their leadership styles, adopting transformational and distributed leadership approaches to manage the implementation challenges. Principals played a critical role in professional development, organizing workshops and training sessions to equip teachers with the necessary skills for SNC implementation. Despite these efforts, significant challenges remain, including resistance to change among educators accustomed to traditional methods, and resource limitations, particularly in rural areas. School leaders have addressed these issues through strategic resource management and partnerships with NGOs. The cultural diversity of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa also required careful consideration to ensure curriculum relevance and accessibility for all students, with school leaders working to establish culturally responsive teaching practices. Overall, the SNC has had a positive impact, standardizing educational quality across the province, improving teacher training, and encouraging student engagement. However, ongoing challenges necessitate continuous support and adaptive leadership strategies. This study highlights the importance of flexible, collaborative leadership in navigating educational reforms and underscores the need for ongoing professional development and community engagement to ensure the success of the SNC.
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    The relationship between Islamic teachings and cultural values in shaping attitudes towards gender roles in Indonesia
    (2024-06-20) Bouchouk, Oumaima; Ayaz, Maria
    The relationship between Islam, culture, and attitudes towards gender roles in Indonesian society is a complex and dynamic phenomenon that requires a nuanced and interdisciplinary approach to be fully understood. This study aims to explore the interplay between Islamic teachings, cultural values, and attitudes towards gender roles in Indonesia through an interpretive case study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 20 participants, including religious leaders, scholars, activists, and members of the general public. Documentary sources such as religious texts, academic journals, and news articles were also analyzed. The collected data was analyzed using a thematic analysis approach, and the findings were synthesized and interpreted to provide answers to the research questions. The study reveals that the relationship between Islamic teachings, cultural values, and attitudes towards gender roles in Indonesia is complex and multifaceted. Islamic teachings emphasize modesty, respect for elders, and traditional gender roles, significantly shaping attitudes towards gender equality and women's roles in society. However, local cultural beliefs and practices with strong patriarchal underpinnings also reinforce gender inequalities. This dynamic interplay between Islam and culture requires a nuanced and interdisciplinary approach to be fully understood. The study underscores the importance of understanding how religion, culture, and gender roles shape societal attitudes and values. It also highlights the need for further research to deepen the understanding of Indonesia's social, cultural, and religious dynamics and their impact on women's positions in society