Faculty of Social Sciences

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Browsing Faculty of Social Sciences by Subject "ASEAN"

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    How regional organisation survives: ASEAN, hedging and international society
    (Informa UK, 2023-05-23) I Gede Wahyu Wicaksana; Moch Faisal Karim
    How can a regional organisation survive in great power contests? This article uses the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as the empirical case to address the puzzle. The inquiry is important for three reasons. First, the recent developments in world politics have shown the increasingly penetrative actions of the major powers into regional multilateral organisations. Second, looking at ASEAN, the internal cohesion and solidity of the Association's member countries over the last decade have been challenged by the competition between China and the U.S. Third, the existing literature on ASEAN regional strategic affairs has been focused on hedging as the weaker states’ agential choice to manage their relations with the stronger states. However, there is insufficient explanation of what makes sustainable Southeast Asian states’ hedging possible. Working within the English School theory of IR, this article offers two factors explaining ASEAN’s survival as a regional international society: elite diplomatic culture and great power management. The argument is that ASEAN has developed its ideas and values of intra-regional diplomatic relations and built institutions that can mitigate the damaging consequences of the U.S.–China order contestation. Furthermore, this study promotes an English School perspective on hedging based on the ASEAN case. Arguing against the realist theory of hedging, which focuses on the domestic function of foreign policy strategy, the narrow conception of national interests and the relative distribution of power at the systemic level, hedging works because of viable institutions of the regional international society oriented toward constructing and preserving order.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Indonesia's role in promoting the agenda of the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) in ASEAN
    (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Ramita Paraswati; Philips J. Vermonte; Ridwan
    This study aims to examine the role of Indonesia in promoting UNSCR 1325 on the women, peace, and security (WPS) agenda in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) regional bloc by positioning itself as a middle power. Indonesia has strategically planned its status as a middle power and implemented it in the WPS issue. By employing role theory to explain middle-power behavior, this study explores the factor of historical experience, ego, and alter expectations relating to Indonesia's identification as the voice of developing countries, a regional leader, an advocate of democracy, and a bridge-builder in advancing the WPS agenda in ASEAN. This research used a qualitative method, in-depth interviews with stakeholders, and a desk literature review. This study found that Indonesia appears to be a middle power in promoting UNSCR 1325 in ASEAN. In addition, this research also proposes that the foreign policy actor's background determines the middle power's role. The experience of implementing, the contribution of civil society organizations (CSOs), and initiating several programs relating to the WPS agenda, positions Indonesia as an actor that plays a significant role in promoting the WPS agenda in ASEAN. These findings provide significant implications for studying how a state positions itself as a middle power on the WPS issue.
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    ItemControlled Access
    Timor-Leste’s interest in joining ASEAN : challenges and benefits
    (Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Freitas, Manuel Jerónimo; Djayadi Hanan; Rifqi Muna
    Since 2011, Timor-Leste has been persistently seeking ASEAN membership because of its aspirations for greater national identity within the region, political stability, and economic advantages. However, the country has yet to attain full membership despite ongoing efforts. This study looks at the reasons behind TimorLeste's bid, the difficulties it confronts, and how ASEAN members feel about its admission. The study is based on a constructivist paradigm, emphasizing how social interactions, ideas, and norms shape regional dynamics and integration processes. Using secondary data sources from government documents, media stories, and scholarly literature, this study uses qualitative approaches. Thematic analysis is employed to find trends regarding the reasons for, difficulties encountered, and advantages of Timor-Leste's ASEAN membership. Important conclusions include that Timor-Leste has several obstacles, even if the country is driven by the possibility of increased political stability, economic progress, and strengthening ofregional identity. These obstacles include the need for significant outside assistance,diplomatic initiatives, political instability, and problems with governance. The ASEAN norms significantly impact the integration process, particularly respect forsovereignty and non-interference.