Theses - Education

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14576/32

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Open Access
A portrait of multicultural education in an Indonesian private school : perception, approach, and implementation
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Ririn Karina Nur'aeni; Tati Lathipatud Durriyah; Bambang Sumintono
Indonesia is a multicultural country with a wide range of religions, races, ethnicities, cultures, and languages. Because of a lack of understanding in Indonesia of the value of plurality, these differences frequently serve as the reason for inter-community clashes. This research focuses on these issues in the context of multicultural education in schools. Schools, in addition to family education, play an important role in nurturing students to understand, tolerate, and respect diversity. In this regard, this study explores how school community perceives, approaches, and implements multicultural education as an attempt to create multicultural citizens. This study employed qualitative approach using case study design in Indonesian private school in West Java. It involved seven participants from different backgrounds to gain their perspective regarding multicultural education. Documentary research and observation were also conducted to collect the data. The validity and reliability were assured through triangulation and member checking as an attempt to keep data trustworthy. In doing the analysis, the Quirkos software was used as an effective analytical tool. In addition, some ethical issues and research positionality were also stated. The following conclusions have been reached based on the evidence: First, principal, teachers, students, perceive that education must address student differences. They believe that God create diversity intentionally. They also believe uniqueness of human being and the diversity that exists in Indonesia. Second, the school community translated their perception into school vision, mission, and the projected rules. School also provides teacher development, curriculum design, and educational services as the strategies to promote multicultural education. Third, the implementation of multicultural education was manifested through the school culture, integrated curriculum, teachers' critical pedagogy and the annual cultural exhibition.
Controlled Access
Afghan girls' child marriage and its impact on their educational journey in Afghanistan
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Delju, Zulaikha; Nina Nurmila; Destina Wahyu Winarti
Through the historical lens, education in Afghanistan has gone through many ups and downs, especially regarding women’s education and the challenges Afghan women face due to instability in female education. Education is essential for personal and societal advancement, but gender inequities, cultural norms, and continuous violence in Afghanistan limit access, especially for girls through child marriage. This study has three objectives: (1) to investigate the elements influencing parents' choices regarding their daughters' young marriages, emphasizing their lack of concern for education; (2) to explore the consequences of early marriage on Afghan girls’ educational opportunities, (3) to explore how educational opportunities contribute to a better life for Afghan girls. This study uses qualitative research methodology to investigate Afghan girls' child marriage and its impact on their educational journey in Afghanistan. The data were collected through semi-structured or in-depth online interviews. This study involved three types of participants: (1) parents, (2) married girls who continued their education, and (3) girls who married young and were unable to continue their education. The participants in this study are from different provinces of Afghanistan, comprising 20 participants. The study's findings identified (1) multiple factors that lead parents to decide on the early marriage of their daughters, such as safety concerns, cultural norms and expectations, economic pressure, a lack of parental education, and the ban on female education; (2) the consequences of early marriage on Afghan girls’ educational opportunities are the interruption of education, mental and physical health issues, and limited educational support; (3) education has a positive impact on Afghan girls' lives in terms of empowerment and independence, improved quality of life, resistance to harmful practices, and enhanced social status. This research addresses the data gap concerning child marriage and its educational consequences, offering new insights where limited studies exist. By highlighting the role of girls' education in sustainable development, the research aims to raise awareness and potentially reduce child marriages. It emphasizes the human rights violations inherent in child marriage and advocates for young girls' educational rights. The findings can assist national and international organizations in community awareness initiatives and inform evidence-based policymaking to end child marriage and promote girls' education. Ultimately, the study seeks to influence stakeholders to prioritize investments in girls' education and protection from early marriage, enhancing the quality and number of educated females in Afghanistan's workforce. Lastly, this research recommends a permanent international policy for Afghan women's education and human rights. In case of any political instability, women's education should be safeguarded.
Open Access
Beyond the charisma of Islamic boarding school leaders : countering potential abuse through enhancing critical thinking and critical dialogical abilities of the 'led'
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Supriyono; Bambang Sumintono; Lukman Nul Hakim
In response to the pressing call for enhancing the critical thinking and critical dialogical abilities of the students at pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Indonesia, this study delves into the 'dark side' of charismatic leadership commonly adopted by these *indigenous Islamic educational institutions. The inquiries stem from rising reports of sexual abuse at pesantren institutions and scrutinize the romanticized axiom of charisma in leadership that is often overshadowed by extreme admiration, blind idolization, and unquestioning obedience, which leads to sparing limited or even no room for the followers to question and criticize, making them vulnerable to power abuse. Hence, this study draws upon the insights of 24 participants from two pesantren institutions in East Java, probing their perceptions, practices, and reflections on charisma and obedience, A multiple case study design is employed within a qualitative research framework, utilizing document analysis, focused group discussions, interviews, and observations for the data collection. Triangulation techniques in both data collection and data sources are used for validation to enhance the credibility and trustworthiness of the data, which is analyzed using software-based thematic analysis through Quirkos. This study also addresses ethical considerations and the researcher's positionality to maintain academic integrity and methodological rigor. The findings suggest that the student's critical thinking and dialogical capabilities are not a mere function of the leadership style in pesantren. Rather, these aspects span a broader spectrum, hinging on the Islamic educational models that they adopt, here contested by adab (moral disciplining) and tarbiyah (critical dialogue). Exclusive reliance on adab leads to unbalanced charismatic leadership, fostering a patriarchal culture conducive to power abuse, including sexual abuse. Conversely, combining both adab and tarbiyah promotes a balanced charismatic leadership where adab (moral) forms the basis while critical thinking and dialogue serve as control mechanisms. In practice, critical thinking acts as an alarm, enabling students to discern whether their leaders' commands align with Islamic principles, while critical dialogical abilities serve as a countermeasure, empowering students to assertively challenge potential misconduct. This research highlights the importance of the control element in charismatic leadership, complementing the three components suggested by previous studies: basis, emotional connection, and signaling communication. Consequently, these findings lay the groundwork for further research to delve deeper into the dark side of charismatic leadership in the Islamic school setting, given that charisma meets religiosity could yield benefits on one hand, but potentially negative consequences on the other.
Open Access
Curriculum change and its impact on Senior High School students' learning outcomes and teaching and learning activities : teacher perceptions in Lombok Timur
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Mashur; Destina Wahyu Winarti; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti
Education is one of the tools to shift civilization. The better the education, the higher the progress of the level of civilization of a nation. No civilization is truly progressive without education. Education is part of the civilization, those can influence each other, an advanced civilization naturally produce an advanced education system. Advanced education and civilization are influenced by several aspects of education, one of which is curriculum. Curriculum has become the heart of education as well as being the main support, constructive elements and pedagogic formulations to optimize the learning process in the classroom. The curriculum also become signs that would help to achieve educational goals easier and becomes a plan or scenario that provides the widest possible space for students to develop the potential that already exists within them. This study aimed describing the high school subject teachers' perceptions about the curriculum reform in Lombok Timur, describing the perceptions of high school subject teacher regarding the impact of curriculum reform on the student learning outcomes and describing the perceptions of high school subject teacher regarding the impact about curriculum reform on the teaching and learning activities. To gain the teacher perceptions, the study was conducted in Focus Group Discussions (FGD) which divided into two sessions. To triangulate the findings, the thematic analysis, document analysis and observation were applied. The result showed that the subject teachers have vary perceptions regarding the change. Some participants said that changes did not need to be made because the intensity of changes was frequent enough to make teachers confused, but there were several teachers who give their voices that the changes needed to be made due to the conditions of the times and demands had changed, these changes followed the changing times. Participants said that the curriculum change gave impact on the student learning performances and teaching and learning activity. Moreover, the subject teachers are optimistic with the simple administrative support of change and content designed by the ministry. However, the subject the number of professional development should be increased to improve the subject teacher capacities particularly offline in-service training, differentiated learning model and Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project.
Open Access
Empathy-based stories of bullying at boarding school : students' perceptions and expectations
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Zulfikar; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti; Lukman Nul Hakim
Bullying in Indonesian boarding schools is like an invisible iceberg. The Indonesian Child Protection Commission reports 30 to 60 incidents annually, with 226 cases in 2022 alone. However, the actual numbers may be higher. Despite numerous bullying studies, none have utilized the method of empathy-based stories for data collection. The study aimed to use empathy-based stories to comprehend bullying at Boarding School X in Bogor, West Java. By Qualitative approach, the fictional narratives were used to be effectively capturing emotions and situations. There were 20 students were engaged as the primary source. Along with observations and interviews, three inquiries delved into bullying dynamics, students' expectations, and the method's effectiveness. The findings show boarding school bullying is more distressing than in public schools due to close interactions and limited parental contact. Those involved in bullying experience fear and sadness. Students seek supportive relationships with parents and the school, and friends offer them a safe outlet to express themselves. This study shed a light how the empathy-based stories create a secure space for students to share emotions, preserving self-esteem and amplifying their voices. While the study has limitations due to exam schedules, the effective method holds promise for future applications due to its success and lack of use in Indonesian research data collection.
Open Access
Exploring career guidance program for senior high school students with hearing impairment : a case study in special needs school in Indonesia
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Rahayu Azkiya; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti; Lukman Nul Hakim
More than one-tenth of Indonesia’s population lives with disabilities. This fact is a challenge that is still faced by the Indonesian government and requires special attention to anticipate future challenges. This study will focus on special needs in hearing impairment, because the number of hearing-impaired individuals in Indonesia has increasingly concerning in the past two years, with the largest percentage being students. One of the programs that can assist them is effective career guidance. It is an essential part of education, aiming to help students understand their talents, interests, potential, and to provide direction in choosing an appropriate career path after graduating from school. This study aimed to explore how the career guidance program is planned and implemented in special needs schools and what are the challenges faced by teacher in implementing the career guidance. This study employs a qualitative case study in one of the senior high schools for special needs (SMLB) in Jakarta Barat, Indonesia. The data analysis was done through Quirkos Thematic Analysis. The data has been obtained through observation, interview, and documentation. The participants of this study were one principal, one vice principal of curriculum affairs, two teachers, three student’s parents, and three senior high school students. The theoretical framework of Career Assessment initiated by Super is used to understand the implementation of career guidance program for individuals with special needs. The framework suggests 4 steps for maximum outcome: Preview, Depth-view, Assessment of all data, and counseling. The result of this study shown that (1) This school carries out several stages in planning student’s career, initially, it collects students personal information, including previous report cards, IQ test results, interest aptitude tests, color blindness tests, and speech test. This data is then discussed with parents and students to determine suitable vocational options. Students will undergo a vocational assessment for three months, after which they are placed in fields aligning with their interests and talents. (2) In implementing careers, teachers focus on students' career maturity, supported by programs such as character education, scouting, leadership training, outing classes, study tours, fairs, and workshops. These programs aim to foster responsibility, discipline, and independence, preparing students for societal and professional life. (3) teachers face three main challenges: students’ limited vocabulary comprehension, the extra effort required to mature students’ careers, and maintaining students' consistency. This study highlights how students with hearing-impaired are vulnerable to feelings of weariness which can hinder their learning process. Therefore, it show an implication for teachers to be more creative and able to use varied methods to overcome this problem. Future research may explore deeper regarding career guidance programs for students with hearing impairment. Exploring career guidance program in varied levels of education may be more valuable contribution, since difference level of education might give difference challenges.
Open Access
Exploring lecture's perception and approaches of critical thinking skill in Islamic higher education : a case study
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Mariam Ulpah; Tati Lathipatud Durriyah; Destina Wahyu Winarti
Integrating critical thinking into religious beliefs can give rise to a paradox between contexts that promote it and conventional methods that rely more heavily on doctrinal approaches. Critical thinking, being an important skill for navigating globalization, necessitates further research in Indonesian Islamic higher education. The primary emphasis of this study should be on exploring the importance of lecturers' perspectives and their approaches in aiding students' advancement of critical thinking skills, along with the challenges they come across. This research employs qualitative research methods, with a case study design. The data collection process are semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, post-observation interviews, and analysis of relevant documents, including the curriculum, lesson plans, and student assignments. Thematic analysis is then applied to the collected data. The research findings reveal that lecturers hold three distinct perceptions regarding critical thinking: (1) critical thinking as a skill; (2) critical thinking as a disposition; and (3) critical thinking as a combination of both skills and dispositions. Throughout their teachings, the lecturers consistently emphasize the integration of critical thinking with Islamic religious education, drawing from their respective specializations. This study identifies the concept of "respectful" as a disposition, which can be further categorized as intellectual humility. Consequently, the findings indicate that the lecturers perceive and recognize the significance of respect within the context of critical thinking. The infusion approach is used when integrating critical thinking. The infusion approach to critical thinking encompasses four primary themes. 1), pedagogical approaches 2), assessment methods 3), student engagement, and participation. 4). Instructional methods. This study presents a comprehensive of the challenges encountered by lecturers in teaching critical thinking skills with categorizing into three distinct categories-student-related, lecturer-related, and methodology- related this research provides a comprehensive framework for comprehending the complexities involved in this educational process. This study provides valuable insights into the perceptions and approaches of lecturers regarding critical thinking in the realm of Islamic higher education. The results contribute to the current body of knowledge about teaching methods in Islamic education, underscoring the significance of fostering critical thinking abilities to cultivate inquisitive and self-reliant individuals within the context of Islamic teachings. Subsequent investigations should center on comprehending instructors' viewpoints and methods concerning critical thinking in religious teaching. investigating how cultural and religious elements influence critical thinking within religious establishments, and evaluating the lasting consequences of incorporating critical thinking into the religious institution's curriculum on student achievements.
Open Access
Exploring postgraduate students' experiences, benefits, and disadvantages of using chatgpt 3.5 as a more knowledgeable other (MKO) for scaffolding academic writing at a public university in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Ahmed, Maroof; Destina Wahyu Winarti; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in education, particularly for academic writing, has gained considerable attention. This study examines ChatGPT, an AIpowered writing tool, as a More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) in scaffolding postgraduate students’ academic writing. It is based on Vygotsky's sociocultural theory and investigates the experiences, benefits and challenges of using ChatGPT 3.5 encountered by postgraduate students at a public university in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia. Adopting qualitative research methodology with case study design, the study sheds light on ChatGPT’s use in academia through open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings show that the students are positively disposed to ChatGPT because it supports their basic academic writing by handling the grammar, syntax, and structure, setting them free for more emphasis on the execution of higher-order writing skills with human MKOs. The study indicates that ChatGPT can be integrated into writing centers, tutoring programs, and coursework in developing students' writing with comprehensive feedback. The study also points out that ChatGPT needs constant assessment and improvement in light of feedback from users, enforcement of intellectual property rights, transparency, and data security to ensure ethical use. Overall, the study emphasizes the potential of ChatGPT as a viable tool to scaffold basic academic writing and suggests further examination in terms of its educational applications to assess the impact of the tool in other academic disciplines.
Open Access
Exploring principals' professional development : a case study of public madrasahs in Indonesia
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Fadla Tsania Agustia; Didin Syafruddin; Bambang Sumintono
The quality gap between public general schools and public madrasahs remains an issue of concern. Madrasah principals as the backbone of madrasah are required to enhance their competences through continuous professional development to bring about improvement. Regarding this matter, the study aimed to investigate: 1) the professional development of public madrasah principals; 2) the public madrasah principals’ perceptions on the professional development; and 3) the benefits of professional development in improving the public madrasah principals’ leadership duties. The study is significant because it sheds light on leadership professional development particularly in Indonesian public madrasahs. In addition, the study promotes knowledge sharing and idea generation among madrasah principals. Employing qualitative case study design, the study obtained the data from semi-structured interviews and documents issued by Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs (MoRA). Three public madrasah principals from a city in Indonesia were interviewed to explore the professional development they have done as well as their perceptions on its implementation and benefits. The documents examined were the guidelines of madrasah principals’ appointment, continuous professional development, madrasah principals’ forum and training modules. The data were analyzed through a six-step thematic analysis that consists of getting familiar with the data, coding, searching themes, reviewing themes, defining themes and making the report. The findings revealed that: 1) The public madrasah principals developed their professionalism through a series of learning programs conducted by MoRA or other institutions, postgraduate study, madrasah principals’ forum, research and collaborations; 2) The public madrasah principals considered professional development important for upgrading skills and knowledge and they found MoRA’s trainings useful and applicable despite its limitations; 3) The public madrasah principals thought that the professional development has benefited them in executing their daily tasks, such as supervision and administration. To conclude, professional development is crucial in enhancing public madrasah principals’ competences. The results indicated that the public madrasah principals had their own comprehension on the leadership areas that were enhanced through professional development. It was also found that the public madrasah principals perceived the advantages of professional development based on their individual needs. The study provides important insights to governing bodies on better management and need assessment of professional development programs for Islamic-based schools’ leadership. The madrasah principals are suggested to maximize their potentials and resources in developing their professionalism and competences. Since the study only focused on public madrasah, future studies can explore further from the perspective of private madrasah and hire more school members as participants to yield various findings.
Open Access
Exploring student's perspectives on the benefits and challenges on the adaption of the Internet of Things : a case study in an Indonesian University
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Cut Manda Sari; Destina Wahyu Winarti; Bambang Sumintono
The 21st century is a century characterized by a vision and mission that emphasizes technology applications in organizing human activities. Currently, many Indonesian universities have begun to integrate, incorporate and adopt the IoT applications and devices into their academic programs. However, there are limited scientific discussions and research on IoT implementation in education within Indonesian University pose an opportunity for further exploration and advancement in this area. This study aims to address this gap by investigating students' perspectives on the benefits and challenges of IoT implementation in higher education, specifically, the research focuses on a university that have integrated and utilized IoT to support students in their academic processes. This research utilized a qualitative case study design to conduct a comprehensive analysis of students' perspectives on IoT applications. The survey findings indicate that students express a significant level of satisfaction with IoT services in terms of benefits such as quicker access to resources and improved research and learning experiences. The adoption of smart boards in classrooms enhances learning effectiveness and creates a dynamic environment. Students recognize the importance of technological fluency and a digital mindset and appreciate user-friendly interfaces. owever, challenges include the lack of clear guidelines, unstable internet connectivity, and system errors. Furthermore, students also recognize the importance of technological fluency and the development of strong technical skills to adapt to the advancements in technology. Students also highlight the positive impact of IoT on classroom management, collaborative learning, and skill development. IoT devices contribute to an easy and efficient learning process, sparking curiosity and motivation. IoT tools improve academic tasks, access to information, and overall achievements. While some challenges exist, personal exploration, peer assistance, and attending workshops help overcome them. Expectations revolve around comprehensive education, improved system quality, and expanded IoT integration. In conclusions, it is recommend adopt a technology system that facilitates the assessment of these perceptions. By using a technology system, organizations can collect data and insights from staff IT members through surveys, interviews, or other feedback mechanisms.
Open Access
Exploring teacher empathy in early childhood education : perception, understanding, and protices
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Popi Rosepti; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti; Tati Lathipatud Durriyah
The foundations for learning are built in the early years of life, when children start their first journey of education. During the process, they need other people to be with for helping them to obtain their healthy development. One can do it is teachers whom children are dependent on them at school. Therefore, this study responds to the need by focusing on teachers' perspectives while teaching young children at school. This qualitative study describes the lived experience of nine Indonesian preschool teachers from nine kindergarten schools responding to empathy matters during the teaching process in early childhood education. Informed by Nodding's care relational theory and Cooper's empathy classification in teaching and learning, this study explores the teachers' perception of empathy, their understanding, and their practice in the educational setting. In responding to the first aspect, I addressed the question: "How do teachers perceive the concept of empathy?" and the second research question to the second aspect was: "How do teachers understand empathy in the process of teaching and learning?" following the third research question: "How do teachers practice empathy in the educational setting?". The Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach was used to explore the teachers experiences in answering the three research questions. Data sources were obtained from interviews and observation and analysed using six stage process of the IPA approach. The stages are sorting to the general sense, extracting or finding significant statements, formulating meaning, clustering themes, and repeating the process and culminating to the last step to describe the phenomenon. The first findings related to teachers' perception of empathy reveal a range of themes pertaining to the concept of empathy. It is centered on teachers perception, word frequency, and teachers experience in understanding young children's empathy. The second findings for teachers understanding on empathy in the process of teaching and learning primarily focus on teachers' understanding which is divided into some discussion; empathy in young children, and the role of teacher empathy in education. and the experiences of teacher empathy in teaching. The last finding discusses the teachers' practice of teacher empathy illustrate a range of experiences in dealing with students' traits, the ability to communicate with students and parents, classroom activities to nurture empathy, the constraints and challenges for demonstrating teacher empathy, both from teachers and parents perspectives. This study contributes to policy makers and teacher educators to build a pedagogical framework for early childhood-empathy-based education. It gives an insight into the importance of empathy while developing a learning module for students by involving some empathy aspects in the teaching and learning process. For the upcoming research, the variety of approaches and participants can add richness of data and deeply explore the concept of empathy in education from various settings and different perspectives.
Open Access
Exploring the head of the foundation's leadership practices in optimizing teachers' performance at islamic private school
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Dwi Asih Prihatin; Bambang Sumintono; Lukman Nul Hakim
Dual authorities govern the education system in Indonesia: The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (MoECRT) and the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MoRA). These distinct authorities significantly influence the leadership structure that governs the school system, particularly in managing educational units through foundations. This study focuses on a privately-owned Islamic institution operating under the auspices of the MoECRT. This study investigates the leadership practices of the head of the foundation in Islamic private schools and the impact on optimizing teachers' performance. The main focus lies in identifying and analyzing the leadership practices, strategies, and mechanisms employed by the foundation's leader to enhance teaching and learning practices in Islamic private schools. This qualitative study was conducted at one Islamic Private School in Indonesia. The researcher utilized a case study approach, conducting open-ended interviews and observations to gather information related to the research questions. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the collected data. The present study incorporated four different leadership styles: Directive, Supportive, Participative, and Achievement-oriented, as delineated in the theoretical framework. The findings of the study indicate that the person in the top leadership position within the foundation demonstrates a prominent Directive leadership style, as observed through the daily interactions with his subordinates. This leadership style is distinguished by a dominating attitude in decision-making and guiding subordinates. Additionally, this study provides insights into the effects of internal and external encouragement on the teachers' teaching and learning process, as facilitated by the head of the foundation. Finally, it examines teachers' perspectives regarding the overpowering engagement of the head of the foundation. It is essential to note that the findings of this study do not aim to determine whether one leadership style is better or worse than others. Each leadership style has its strengths and weaknesses, and its implementation should be tailored to the context and organizational needs. This study offers practical implications for enhancing teacher effectiveness, developing leadership skills, and fostering a positive educational environment. Furthermore, it is expected to contribute to the advancement of Islamic education by promoting continuous improvement and adherence to Islamic principles and values.
Open Access
Exploring the implementation of the new literacy policy in primary schools in Indonesia a case study
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Asep Ropiudin; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti; Tati Lathipatud Durriyah
Nurturing literacy skills in the early years has been extensively studied and demonstrated to contribute to children's success in the later stages of life. The importance of literacy invites government initiatives to provide research-based literacy programs at schools. However, most of literacy reform initiatives reported to have many issues. While similar literacy initiatives have been massively implemented globally, the literature suggests the issues range from the formulation to the implementation process. Therefore, the more comprehensive approach to see the literacy policy is needed to understand the complexity of the process. This study aims to explore the implementation of literacy policy in the context of Indonesian primary schools. The research questions focus on understanding the factors influencing the formulation of the literacy policy, the conceptualization of literacy in policy documents, and how teachers implement the literacy policy, including their knowledge and perception, their practices, and the challenges they encounter when implementing the policy. Since the study is explorative in nature, this study utilizes a qualitative case study design. The data collection method includes document analysis of policy documents related to the current literacy policies, semi-structured interviews with policymakers, and questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with teachers. The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The finding from the study reveals the historical context and factors leading to the formulation of the current literacy policies in Indonesia. Besides, how the conception of literacy intersects with the current literacy research was presented by analyzing the policy documents. Finally, the study highlighted teachers’ practices and discussed the unintended consequences related to inequity in access to knowledge and resources. While the government has prioritized literacy to be embed across curriculum in Indonesian primary schools, teachers’ challenges need to be addressed to ensure successful implementation.
Open Access
Exploring the practice of integrating children’s literature in an Indonesian private school located in Jakarta : perceptions, approaches, and challenges
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Iin Afriyanti Umar; Tati Lathipatud Durriyah; Destina Wahyu Winarti
The use of literature in classroom instruction become a concern of the Indonesian Ministry of Education. A few studies have attested to the benefits of integrating children’s literature in classroom instruction, particularly in literacy classrooms. Therefore, this research aims to explore a private primary school that has been practised integrating children’s literature into classroom instruction consistently. The study departs from a strong belief that children’s literature is important in literacy teaching and is heavily influenced by sociocultural theory as a framework to notice how teachers practice integrating children’s literature, especially in encouraging their students to share and listen to other interpretations through the text. An instrumental case study design applies to capture the general understanding of integrating children’s literature in an Indonesian private school. For data collection methods, this study employed focus group interviews, interviews, and observations, especially needed for triangulation purposes. This study used a reflexive thematic analysis approach to analyse the data. The findings show that (1) Teachers have a strong perception toward placing literature at the heart of learning which is reflected through the use of literature in all learning aspects and making literature come alive in classroom discussion. Teachers also experience several advantages from integrating children’s literature including developing students’ literary-literacy skills, serving as mirrors, windows, and sliding glass doors, and developing students’ critical thinking and open-mindedness. (2) Within the research context, sharing and discussion play major roles in integrating children’s literature. Sharing and discussion are not only among the students in the classroom but also among the teachers in preparing for the integration process. This school has a special forum that serves as a place for teachers to plan and evaluate their literary integration. Meanwhile, in classroom practice, teachers apply several methods to encourage students to share and listen to each other perspectives through the text. (3) Some challenges faced by teachers in integrating children’s literature include finding the quality and quantity of Indonesian children’s literature, students’ English vs Indonesian literacy proficiency, and different literacy levels in the classroom. Indeed, the principal and teachers proposed two key suggestions to integrate children’s literature consistently; nurturing teachers’ understanding of integrating children’s literature as a school culture, and supportive school environments. For the upcoming research, it is encouraged to involve parents in the study as parents also play a significant role in facilitating students’ literacy behaviour at home. In the end, developing further into more cases of integrating children’s literature into the classroom is recommended.
Open Access
Exploring the role of integrated Islamic school network (JSIT) in inculcating its ideological values
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Andi Ibrahim Ali; Lukman Nul Hakim; Alpha Amirrachman
This study investigates the role of the Integrated Islamic School Network (JSIT) in the inculcation of its ideological values through education. It examines the historical context of Islamic education in Indonesia, the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) on JSIT, and the strategies employed by JSIT to inculcate its Islamic values. This research also sees the interplay between JSIT’s quality assurance and the National Standard of Education in creating good graduates or alumni for the nation. The theoretical framework of curriculum, total quality management, and inculcation values are applied to the three research questions, namely to explore how JSIT’s ideology develops throughout the curriculum, how is JSIT’s role in inculcating its ideological value within the school under its umbrella and lastly to study the implementation inculcation of the ideology process within the school unit. This study employs a qualitative approach. The data were collected through interviews, observations, and documents at three JSIT schools in Bekasi involving two teachers and two principals from Islamic-integrated Schools. The data was analyzed using Quirkos, a qualitative data analysis software to carry out thematic analysis. The findings demonstrate that the ideology is developed into the curriculum via subject, humanistic, and social reconstructionist approaches, aligning with the goal of enhancing the Islamic ethos of the students. The function of JSIT itself lies in ensuring the quality of the schools within its purview. JSIT's quality assurance matches Indonesia's national education standards; however, it incorporates the Quran, Sunnah, and Hadiths into these standards, along with an additional criterion focusing on student development. JSIT places a strong emphasis on the importance of teacher professionalism, advocating for continuous professional development to enhance teaching quality and effectiveness. It upholds the principles of total quality management theory to ensure educational excellence in the affiliated schools, with a particular emphasis on moral imperatives over others. The methods used to inculcate the ideology encompass various approaches such as content delivery, curriculum design, extracurricular activities, and community involvement initiatives. Additionally, JSIT recognizes the vital role of parental engagement in education, promoting active participation and collaboration between parents and educational institutions to nurture students' holistic growth. In other words, the ideology of JSIT which fuses smoothly in the national curriculum will strengthen and enhance the graduates or alumni due to its well-planned, well-managed, and well-measured. The ideology could shape the socio-religious values of the graduates with potential implications for the socio-landscape of Indonesia. Further research is recommended in order to measure the further impacts of the JSIT’s ideology.
Open Access
Exploring wellbeing strategies among student council members in pesantren-based senior high schools : a case study on multiple site
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Zaima Bunga Wijayanti; Lukman Nul Hakim; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti
Student council are currently become the subject of significant attention since in this several years, there are numerous cases of physical harassment reported in pesantren done by the student council members. This indicates that some students are not adequately prepared to serve as student council members. Those unreadiness is related to their well-being. Being a student member with numerous duties are challenging. Student council members, who are still in adolescence, must be prepared to face numerous challenges while also navigating their own personal struggles. This research aims to explore the experiences of student council members in pesantren, focusing on their strategies for maintaining well-being while managing organizational and school responsibilities. This qualitative study offers a multisite case study of the experiences, challenges, and tactics of student council members as they navigate the intricate interplay between their organizational responsibilities and their personal well-being. The four dimensions (Having, Loving, Being, Health) of well-being theoretical framework from Konu (2002) was used as a framework of the phenomenon. There were 12 students from 3 Pesantren that participated in this research. To ascertain the diverse experiences and perspectives of student council members, this study employed in depth interviews. The data then being analysed using thematic analysis. Through their narratives, this research illuminates the distinctive stressors they confront, the multifaceted coping strategies they employ, and their personal growth journeys as they strive to maintain their mental health and well-being. This research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of student well-being in the context of modern pesantren. The findings indicate that the majority of challenges encountered by student council leaders pertain to interpersonal relationships, particularly those with peers and members, which can be conceptualized within the Loving dimension. While each dimension presents its own unique set of challenges, the existence of time-consuming organizational tasks that encroach upon school time, including periods designated for leisure, also represents a significant hurdle for student council administrators. Furthermore, the demands of these tasks have been observed to impact the physical and mental well-being of student council administrators, leading to increased susceptibility to illness and feelings of stress. In terms of strategy, student council administrators tend to overcome challenges by adapting their approach to suit the circumstances. They endeavour to manage their time effectively, establish daily schedules, and cultivate an understanding of their physical condition. This is subsumed under the category of problem-based coping, which is designated as "compromise." Moreover, open discussion and communication are crucial for the effective functioning of the organization. This is an example of emotion-based coping, known as "Identification," whereby an individual attempts to emulate the thoughts and behaviours of others. Moreover, based on the findings, there are some suggestions for the schools: 1. Consider organizational tasks that will take up students' school or recess time. 2. Create effective training to improve students' readiness to become student council members. 3. Maximize the task of Caregiving to be able to be a place to complain about the students, especially the student council members.
Embargo
Gender differences in stress perception, stress causes, stress coping strategies among student parents
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Ghufronakallah; Nina Nurmila; Charyna Ayu Rizkyanti
Carrying out many roles and responsibilities that must be completed simultaneously by student parents may cause them to experience stress, which can affect their well-being. The objectives of this study are: (1) To understand how male and female student parents perceive stress, (2) To explore factors that cause stress between male and female student parents, (3) To find out the differences in stress coping strategies used by male and female student parents. This research explores the theoretical framework of stress and coping based on Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping (1984) to understand the interaction between individuals and their environment in responding to stress. Coping strategies were categorized into problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping, highlighting the different approaches used by student parents to deal with stress. This research uses a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews and observations as data collection methods, to obtain an in-depth picture of the perception of stress, factors that cause stress, and stress coping strategies among male and female student parents at one of the universities in Depok. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants, where participants had to meet the criteria to achieve the research objectives. 14 participants in total consisting of seven male student parents and seven female student parents were involved in this study. The findings of this research reveal: (1) various perceptions of stress by student parents, namely overthinking, unreadiness, burnout, unstable emotion, confusion, and incapability; (2) factors faced by student parents include family problems, especially those related to children's health, academic pressure, financial problems, and sexual needs; (3) the coping strategies used by student parents show that most participants both male and female student parents used Emotional Focus Coping (EFC) to deal with stress, in which male student parents tend to use avoidance-based EFC, such as engaging in activities such as sports, hobbies and entertainment, while female student parents are more likely to utilize self-reflection and positive reappraisal through writing and prayer. Based on the above findings, this study recommends that the university provide a counseling center (which applies therapeutic methods), peer support groups, and health services to help student parents deal with stress and other well-being difficulties.
Open Access
Gender, female principalship, and student's achievements : a case study of a female principal leading an Islamic school
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Difa Mahya Zahara; Didin Syafruddin; Nina Nurmila
The hegemonic masculinity that perpetuates the larger educational leadership culture persists to this day, making it important to understand the kind of gender construction that is working for existing female leaders, especially in the context of Islamic schools. However, these constructs also need to be understood for their implications on educational practices, such as on students' achievements. Indeed, there have been few studies that highlight these three elements of the gender of the principal, leadership, and students' achievements despite their interrelatedness. Therefore, this study seeks to explore how gender construction facilitates female principalship in an Islamic school and the implication for students' achievements. The study applies the post-structuralist feminist theory of Gendered Educational Leadership as will become clear how an Indonesian private Islamic school discursively presents the gender of the female principal. This study employs a qualitative case study of the leadership of a female principal at Al-Wahid Islamic Elementary School (pseudonym) in light of feminist perspectives. In collecting the data, observation, interviews, and analysis of documents were conducted for triangulation. Meanwhile, the data analysis is done through thematic analysis. The findings show that (1) gender concept in the Islamic school indicates binary construction of the ikhwan and akhwat categories reflected through school facilities, regulation, and social interaction. (2) Within this context, the acceptable ideal female principal is someone who performs both masculine and feminine leadership styles. In practice, the female principal also accordingly performs masculine and feminine styles. However, the overall evaluation by school members seems to stabilize it to be exclusively feminine. This masking is revealed as rooted in the essentialist view of gender and feminization of the elementary school level and its leadership position. (3) Finally, the implication is found to be central to how the principal and school members approach students' achievement issues; how the principal approaches students' achievements with a socioemotional emphasis, how the school members downplay the female principal's role in promoting students' achievements, and how there are discernible gender differences in students' achievements. Therefore, this study indicates the need to be more critical and aware of possible bias in evaluating the performance of female leaders. Further research is recommended to explore more than just one case of a female principal in this issue or on a different level of education, such as in secondary or higher education. Finally, incorporating more of the perspective of students as those who benefit from the issues of achievement is also encouraged. Keywords: Gender, leadership, female principal. gendered educational leadership, students' achievements. Therefore, this study indicates the need to be more critical and aware of possible bias in evaluating the performance of female leaders. Further research is recommended to explore more than just one case of a female principal in this issue or on a different level of education, such as in secondary or higher education. Finally, incorporating more of the perspective of students as those who benefit from the issues of achievement is also encouraged.
Open Access
High school students’ attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention toward climate change in relation to pro-environmental behavior in Klaten regency Indonesia
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2024) Irkham Zamzuri; Bambang Sumintono; Destina Wahyu Winarti
Currently, human-induced climate change causes difficulties, affecting the environment, health and well-being. Indonesia encounters distinct climate-related problems. It underscores the urgency of comprehensive educational approach. There is a lack of detailed evaluation specifically targeting high school students in Indonesia. The gap may impede the successful promotion of pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among youth generation. The absence of regular monitoring of high school students’ attitude (ATT), subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and behavioral intention (BI) towards climate change hinders effort to improve educational programs or initiatives in Indonesia. The objective of the study is evaluating the ATT, SN, PBC, and BI of high school students in Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia about the climate change in relation to PEB. It aims to examine the correlation between these variables and their impact on PEB. The study employed a quantitative research approach within a positivist paradigm, non-experimental with crosssectional design. The data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to a sample of 1,336 students. The questionnaire included Likert-type scales to measure the constructs of interest. Data were analyzed using the Rasch Model Measurement, descriptive statistics, ANOVA, DIF analysis, correlational tests, and multiple regression analysis. The study reveals significant insights into high school students' ATT, SN, PBC, and BI towards climate change, and their influence on PEB. Descriptive statistics indicated that students generally exhibit moderate to high levels of PEB, with variations based on gender and school type. Female students and those from senior high schools demonstrated higher levels compared to their counterparts. Correlational analyses showed strong positive associations between SN (r = 0.548), PBC (r = 0.570), and BI (r = 0.533), which are significant predictors of PEB (r = 0.529). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that SN (β = 0.3329, p < 0.001) and PBC (β = 0.3876, p < 0.001) significantly influence BI, which in turn predict PEB (β = 0.2865, p < 0.001). However, ATT alone did not directly affect PEB (β = -0.0303, p = 0.2309), highlighting the critical role of social and control factors in driving environmentally friendly actions among students. The study concludes that enhancing climate change education (CCE) is crucial for fostering proactive attitudes and behaviors among high school students. To promote PEB, the study recommends integrating climate change topics across subjects, adopting gender-sensitive approaches, mandating environmental education at all schooling types, and providing resources and professional development for teachers.
Open Access
Implementation of STEAM education : a case study of secondary schools in Bangladesh
(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia, 2023) Alam, Md. Efta Khirul; Lukman Nul Hakim; Destina Wahyu Winarti
The purpose of this study is to look into the state of STEAM education implementation in Bangladeshi secondary schools at the moment together with challenges and opportunities associated with implemetion of STEAM education, and the attitudes and preceptions of teachers and students towards implemention of STEAM education in Bangladesh. This study employs a qualitative research methodology, utilizing three distinct methods of data collection: focused group discussions, interviews, and observations. Triangulation techniques are employed in the process of data collection and sourcing to enhance the validity and reliability of findings, thereby bolstering the credibility and trustworthiness of the research. For the observational component of this case study, a private English-medium school located in Dhaka, Bangladesh, was chosen. The present study recruited a sample size of 21 participants. The participants of the interview comprised a District Education Officer and two school principals, one from a public secondary school and the other from a private secondary school situated in Bogura, Bangladesh. A series of focus group discussions were undertaken, involving a total of six teachers and twelve students who were selected as representatives from the aforementioned schools not having a STEAM curriculum. The findings indicates that 1) STEAM education is not currently offered in secondary schools throughout Bangladesh. Principals and teachers of secondary schools believed that integrating STEAM education into Bangladesh's educational system will help students in developing skills like problem- solving, critical thinking, and teamwork. To the contrary, more teacher development programs and policy implementation would be needed to properly implement STEAM education. 2) The implementation of STEAM education will provide learners and teachers with both possibilities and challenges. The study discovered that teacher training, a limited budget, and STEAM lab accessories can be a challenge for secondary school teachers. Teachers, on the other hand, would benefit from increased professional development opportunities, the establishment of strong cross-disciplinary collaborations, and the efficient use of educational technology. 3). Secondary school teachers and students both perceived STEAM education as offering real-world experiments and inquiry-based learning. Teachers felt that professional development was necessary before STEAM was put into effect in Bangladeshi classrooms. The study sheds important light on the function of secondary school STEAM programs in defining future options for students by examining the post-secondary routes of STEAM-educated students. The research findings will not only enrich the dialogue on STEAM education in Bangladesh but also serve as a foundation for policy reform aimed at modernizing and enhancing the country's educational system for a better future. Keywords: STEAM Education, Secondary Schools, Educational Policy, Learning Strategies, Educational Reform