Scholarly Works - Islamic Studies
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Open Access Nurturing faith and morality : a broad approach to islamic education for early childhood(Faculty of Islamic Studies Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, 2025-02-01) Bano, SheharIslamic teaching for children helps them develop proper values and achieve their full growth through family support. During early childhood many basic moral beliefs and religious practices establish what a child becomes and what they believe in. According to Islamic principles early education builds all aspects of a child's development including their spiritual education. This research studies Islamic early childhood education to show how it follows modern teaching approaches while helping solve modern learning problems. The study combines Islamic teaching insights with modern educational theory plus real-world examples to show how everyone plays part in teaching children proper faith and ethics. This work combines classic Islamic teachings with hands-on learning designs to create a flexible system for religious growth combined with intellectual and social learning. Our results show that teaching Islamic values needs joint efforts between educators and parents who use technology while showing positive examples and telling stories. Our study demonstrates the need to blend traditional faith teaching with modern lesson styles so students become morally excellent and socially engaged learners.Item Open Access Islamic public policy : fundamentals, historical and contemporary applications(World Academy of Science Engineering and Technology, 2025-06-09) Bano, SheharThis research presents the theoretical framework and real-world empirical implementations of Islamic public policy on present-day governments. The study explores how the principles of Islamic Shariah which are derived from the Quran and Sunnah may be applied in the modern states with a view to achieving justice and progress in present-day governance system. Thus, the present qualitative approach used secondary data through text analysis, as based on the conventional, classical Islamic sources and peer-reviewed articles and case studies. In this study, an evaluation of the historical and the current aspects of Islamic public policy as critiqued through the method of content analysis. Further it was observed that although the Islamic governance offers a full ethical agenda based on justice, equity and public interest yet it faces certain shortcomings in its practice, some of them are how can we explain the revealed truths in the light of modern world and the deficiency of competent scholars in the sphere of policy making. Such challenges were discovered to be tractable with a dynamic approach that accommodates ijtihad and partnerships between scientists and economist. Based on this study, it was found that the incorporation of Islamic ethics into policy system could offer a workable solution to current challenges of governance, not simply restricted to the Islamic countries only, but as part of the discussion on justice and governance in the international level as well. Islamic public policy was present as a model for contemporary management of the state, pointing out social justice, economic justice and the public good as its rationales.Item Open Access Determining the relationship of regional and religious dynamics : perceptions from the Arabian Peninsula(Design for Scientific Renaissance, 2024-12-25) Bano, SheharRegional and religious factors in the Arabian Peninsula have long received scholarly research from several scholars. But the interaction of both regional dimensions and religion on the politics, social and economic fabric of Arabia has not received ample research. This research aims to examine the impact of regional power politics and religious rivalry on local political processes and foreign politics of Arabian Peninsula states. A critical analysis of historical, political and religious literature is then undertaken the purposes of understanding the roles of regional and religious factors for state governance, security issues and international policies within the region. It is assumed that regional competition and religious factor plays an important role in the political behaviors and affiliations of Arabian Peninsula states. The identified dynamics are expected to give an insight on how these have transpired over time and how they shape socio-political context. This study contributes to a gap in prior research by examining the relationship between regional structures of power and religious sectarianism while the latter is seen as independent in other works. The contributions of the study are expected to increase the awareness of the dynamics of regional and religious factors within the Middle East with focus on the impact of the KSA Vision 2030 and the emerging role of the kingdom in the region. These findings are expected to be useful to policy makers and academics studying the geopolitical and socio-religious changes in the Arabian Peninsula.Item Open Access Social status of transgender individuals in the prophetic era and in modern Pakistan(Faculty of Ushuluddin and Dakwah Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura, 2025-05-27) Bano, SheharThe research study investigates how transgender people were treated in both the time of Prophet Muhammad and contemporary Pakistan which has led to major transformations in social responses and legal systems and religious doctrinal perspectives. Linking to research findings shows early Islamic society recognized and respected mukhannathun transgender people but modern Pakistan includes legal progress alongside continued social discrimination against transgender groups. The analysis of transgender rights reveals how religious beliefs interact with cultural heritage as well as modern lawmaking regarding transgender people's rights protection. Islamic principles of justice and compassion form the basis of inclusivity but social prejudices alongside historical changes have led to marginalization. Through the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2018 Pakistan has achieved legal recognition but social acceptance and legal recognition exist in significant tension with one another. This study entails multiple constraints which affect its effectiveness. The study of the Prophetic era depends mostly on scarce textual evidence which receives varied interpretations through different Islamic scholarly positions. The contemporary issues which transgender individuals in Pakistan experience are changing and need further research for understanding how legal changes specifically affect their everyday life. The research adds value to present transgender rights scholarship through its analysis of Islamic perspectives at different historical periods. The study performs a comprehensive analysis of transgender rights interactions between Prophet Muhammad's time and present-day Pakistan through documented comparative examinations. Future scholarly attention should adapt towards examining how Pakistani transgender rights can become practical while exploring religious scholar involvement and government decision making in creating inclusive Pakistan. Research that examines transgender rights approaches inside Muslim-majority nations will give important insights regarding Islamic perspectives on transgender matters.Item Open Access Afghan youth's expectation for educational, economic and political development during the reign of Taliban(Islamic Studies and Development Center Universitas Negeri Padang, 2023-03-30) Adel, Samiullah; Bhirawa AnoragaVarious aspects of life have been dramatically shifted when the Taliban conquers Afghanistan recently. However, the changes occurring in sectors of education, economy, and politics have been acquired as the prominent issues to be discussed for the three factors will become the ground of the country's development. Thus, the study will be concentrated on the expectation of young Afghani for their country in the three aspects of education, economy, and politics. The study employs the qualitative method of the phenomenological approach. The data is acquired through in-depth interviews with twenty-five informants, consisting of five scholars, seven academicians, and thirteen influential youngsters in Afghanistan. Analysis of the data is conducted through Interactive Miiles and Hubberman technique. The findings indicate four expectations of young Afghanis in general. First, gender equality in education sectors that males and females should gain similar opportunities at every level of education. Second, the duration of primary education should be shortened to twelve years as the reign recently requires elementary education for fourteen years. Third, the current curriculum should be reformed to be a more systematic, professional, and skill-oriented curriculum that graduates are qualified for job demands. Fourth, Despite of high-income tax which almost gains 50%, the reign should lower the income tax to 10% to invite investors to arrive in Afghanistan. Fifth, it is expected that the reign establishes political stability for every community group and the international world. The findings are expected to be relevant input for the reign of the Taliban for a better Afghanistan in the future.Item Open Access Eight skills of islamic religious education teachers in improving student learning outcomes in junior high school(Islamic Studies and Development Center in Collaboration With Students' Research Center Universitas Negeri Padang, 2021-04-28) Cici Nopriza; Feni Yulianti; Adel, Samiullah; Hendra SusantiTeaching skills are an aspect that must be owned by a teacher to achieve success in learning, therefore teachers must have a high ability in learning. In fact, this study aims to describe the teaching skills of Islamic religious education teachers in improving student learning outcomes at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. In addition, to describe the actions of Islamic Religious Education teachers in improving student learning outcomes at Madrasah Tsanawiyah. This study uses a qualitative method with an approach case study, Research data were taken from thirty-six informants, consisting of school principals, teachers, and students by means of individual and group interviews. To strengthen the interview data the author also made direct observations of teachers and students. All interview and observation data were analyzed using Analysis Interactive the Milles & Hubberman model. The results of this study found eight teacher activities in teaching. The teaching skills of Islamic Religious Education teachers at Madrasah Tsanawiyah include i) opening lesson skills, ii) closing lesson skills, iii) explaining skills, iv) questioning skills, v) reinforcement skills, vi) variation skills, vii) small group discussion guiding skills, and viii) class management skills. This research has succeeded in uncovering eight teacher skills in teaching so as to improve student learning outcomes.Item Open Access The role of virtual platforms in shaping contemporary Islamic education(Penerbit Hellow Pustaka, 2025-05-30) Bano, Shehar; Mohamed Iyas ValarthodiIslamic education developed through educational practices which included madrasas together with personal mentorship as traditional learning methods. The swift technological progress has dramatically reshaped Islamic learning because it created extensive educational accessibility through digital platform usage together with remote Video classes and Artificial Intelligence educational resources. The research investigates how digital education affects Islamic learning while reviewing its present state along with its future perspective and associated hurdles. Research data collection relies heavily on qualitative techniques that utilize literature reviews combined with studies of prominent digital Islamic learning platforms which include Bayyinah Institute, Al-Maghrib Institute, Seekers Guidance and Islamic Online University. The research analyses the levels of credibility and accessibility while also evaluating engagement factors between digital learning in Islam versus traditional classroom techniques. The existing body of research about Islamic education still leaves a والتعليم اإلسالمية التربية مجلة الفضالن: huge space to understand how digital learning affects students in multiple dimensions including their commitment and scholar authenticity when paired with their access to technology in disadvantaged communities. The research on conventional learning structures prevails over studies investigating the impact of online education in the existing academic field. The research establishes a bridge by performing an extensive evaluation of digital Islamic education benefits and weaknesses. Research takes place because digital education platforms have become essential for religious instruction particularly when used by Muslim minorities residing outside Muslim countries and self-directed learners who need flexible learning options. Investing knowledge into the effects these digital tools possess on religious education and scholarly communication will determine upcoming educational guidelines. The research demonstrates that virtual platforms bring many benefits to students, yet students must contend with issues of authenticity and insufficient mentorship along with ideological problems. Combining traditional madrasa education with digital methods creates the best learning system to preserve academic depth of traditional Islamic education through new technological resources. Research adds to academic knowledge by demonstrating the necessity to develop better authentication systems alongside increased digital education skills and joint ventures between traditional Islamic centres and virtual learning environments. Experts should research how digital Islamic education affects individuals psychologically and socially throughout time and how AI technology impacts the customization of Islamic religious content.Item Open Access The role of faith-based coping mechanisms in enhancing mental resilience : a study among Muslim students(Scholar Craft Education & Research Hub, 2025-01-08) Bano, Shehar; Akram, Waqeem; Habiba, Umm E; Arshad, HafsaStudents’ mental health issues have received a lot of attention around the world. In this respect, religious beliefs, especially from students of the Islamic faith have benefits in boosting the ability to cope with stress and other mental conditions. More information about how Islam helps with mental health is explained in this article such as praying, reciting the Quran, having family and friends, and relying on Allah (Tawakkul). Most of the findings provide support for the use of faith-based models in psychological therapies, especially in the formulation of an integrated package of care for psychologists’ clients. In this research, the scholars intend to explore how Salah, (prayers) and reading the Quran improve mental health among students. An exploratory cross-sectional survey research design using both quantitative and qualitative data was employed to analyze the effects on stress coping and mental health of these religious practices. Questions posed to the participants included the number of times they performed Salah, reading of the Quran, and other religious-related activities used to address stress. It also examined practitioners’ endowed impressions of how efficacious such practices are for fostering psychological fortitude and incorporated queries regarding the way faith may facilitate overcoming mental illness in the Self-Reflexive portion. The study hypothesized was that religious practices such as Salah, and Quranic recitation improve the psychological well-being of Muslim students. The survey asked participants to rate these practices on the scale and free comments indicated how faith helps people cope with emotions, stress, and other challenges. As the results pointed their finger to the positive relationship between increased regular religious attendance on stress-related coping, the present findings are consistent with the other research evidencing the salutary effects of spirituality on mental health. It emerged that faith-based practices enable Muslim students to persevere in issues aching their academic or social lives. However, participants also expressed difficulties in sustaining such practice during certain periods, for example, time pressure or limited resources. The work indicates that the adaptation of religion-based values into university counseling services may be helpful in addressing the psychological needs of Muslim students. In addition, the current study urges subsequent studies to look at the part that Imams, Chaplains, and self-help groups can jointly play in improving the psychological well-being of Muslim students. I can safely assume that by incorporating religious concepts into models of support for mental health, universities may adapt better to the currently diverse student rolls.Item Open Access Religion, nationalism, and citizenship : Religion Majoritarian Approach (RMA) in Southeast Asia(Pusat Publikasi Ilmiah-Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 2024-12-01) Rifqi NurdiansyahThe majority religion in Southeast Asian countries transcends the realm of personal belief and holds significance beyond individual privacy. Hence, the objective of this study is to examine the influence of the predominant religion in each Southeast Asian country on the development of distinct patterns of religion, nationalism, and citizenship. This article uses a qualitative research method based on literature study. The approach used is RMA (Religion Majoritarian Approach). This study demonstrates the presence of three distinct typologies of state relations and majority religion in Southeast Asian nations. The initial categorization of the majority religion served as the foundation for civil identity and nationalism in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar, Cambodia, and Thailand. The second typology refers to the imposition of limitations on the majority religion and its alignment with the objectives of the state, as exemplified by the cases of Laos, Vietnam, and Singapore. The third typology, dominant faiths assume the role of an informal institution that also governs the state, as exemplified by the Philippines and Timor Leste, where the Roman Catholic Church holds significant influence.Item Open Access Islamic legal discourse and gender inclusivity : the dynamics of khunthā/hijra and transgender identity in bangladesh(Fakultas Syariah, UIN Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris, 2025-06-10) Hasan, Md. Mahdi; Zezen Zaenal MutaqinThis paper critically explores the theological, legal, and sociopolitical distinction between traditional khunthā (intersex) and contemporary socially constructed transgender identities within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence, focusing on the Bangladeshi context. By engaging with classical and contemporary Islamic legal texts, religious interpretations, legal precedents, scholarly works, media representations, and public discourse, the study argues that the conflation of khunthā (often culturally aligned with hijra) and transgender identities in public narratives—particularly in education and media—has led to widespread confusion, societal backlash, and policy resistance. While khunthā has traditionally been recognized in Islam as part of divine creation (aṣl al-khilqah), transgender identity—defined as a divergence from one’s biological sex—is often perceived as altering God’s creation (taghyīr al-khilqah) and thus faces greater religious and social resistance. This paper also addresses concern about unverified gender identity claims, citing incidents where individuals falsely claimed gender status, resulting in misuse of institutional provisions and violations of women’s safety and privacy in gender-segregated spaces. The study suggests that future policy initiatives on gender inclusivity in Muslim-majority countries like Bangladesh should clearly distinguish between traditional legitimate gender and socially constructed gender identities in order to uphold religious and ethical values and prevent misuse in gender-segregated spaces.Item Open Access Educational policy analysis : examining pesantren policies and their implications on the independence of kyai and pesantren in the contemporary era(Department of Islamic Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, 2024-12-31) Nadhif Muhammad Mumtaz; Evi Muafiah; Doli WitroPurpose – This study aims to investigate the autonomy of Kyai (religious teachers) within Pesantren in making education policy. In examining these policies, it focuses on the evolution of teaching and the implementation of the “Asas Tunggal Pancasila” in Indonesian educational institutions, the struggles of Pesantren policies that led to the enactment of Law No. 18 of 2019, and the dark side of the politicization of religion that has implications for educational policies. Design/methods/approach – This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach involving two Islamic boarding schools in East Java. Primary data sources were obtained through observations and interviews, while secondary data sources include library materials such as legislation, scholarly articles (journals), books, and others. Data collection techniques involved observation, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and documentation (document analysis). The data analysis technique used was qualitative data analysis, including data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings – The research reveals that the law empowers Pesantren and Kyai to shape their institutions in alignment with societal demands, traditions, and evolving times. While the Kyai’s independence plays a significant role in the direction of Pesantren, it does not solely determine its identity. The law emphasizes the need for contemporary teaching methods, curriculum development, and infrastructure improvements, encouraging Kyai to avoid rigid and authoritarian tendencies. Research implications/limitations – The research has theoretical implications regarding two contrasting views on the influence of Pesantren policy on Kyai’s independence in relation to political elites. The “Yes” side highlights alignment of interest, empowerment and development, and community engagement. The “No” side emphasizes the preservation of autonomy, potential manipulation, and a general distrust of political parties. Originality/value – This study provides direction for understanding the complex interplay between religious education and the political domain in Indonesia.Item Open Access الإجتهاد الإنتقائي وحل القضايا الفقهية المذهبية؛ دراسة عن تطبيق الإجتهاد الإنتقائي في المحكمات الدينية الإندونيسية(STIBA Arraayah Sukabumi, 2025-02-28) Ibnu Farhan Istiqlal; Meriza Isna Fadlilah; Akhdza. E, M. IkhsanulThe dynamic development of the times raises various new legal issues, including in the realm of Islamic family law. This research specifically aims to reveal how ijtihad intiqa'i can be applied in case settlement in Religious Courts in Indonesia, especially when it has to conflict with the classical law of a madhhab that is used as a role model, where there are differences of opinion among fiqh schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Primary data was obtained through a document study of Religious Court decisions and fiqh books as materials to analyze them. Data analysis was carried out using the theoretical framework of ijtihad intiqa'i. The results of the research intiqa'i ijtihad has a very important role in the dynamics of Islamic law in Indonesia. However, more systematic efforts need to be made to increase the capacity of judges in conducting ijtihad, as well as providing clearer regulations related to the application of ijtihad in religious courts.Item Open Access تحليل قاعدة "الضرر يزال" من خلال فتوى مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي حول القضية الفلسطينية(STIBA Arraayah Sukabumi, 2025-01-11) Meriza Isna Fadlilah; Ibnu Farhan Istiqlalإن القاعدة الفقهية الضرر يزال قد استخدمها كثير من العلماء والفقهاء الاستنباط الأحكام في القضايا المعاصرة ومؤخرا، باشتداد الصراع بين فلسطين وإسرائيل قد أدى إلى تنوع مواقف الناس إلى من يدعم فلسطين ومن يدعم إسرائيل، وعلى هذا ظهر الحاجة الماسة إلى إصدار فتوى عن حكم الدعم ضد فلسطين. وفي إندونيسيا، إن المؤسسة الدينية العليا التي لها دور لإصدار الفتوى هي مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي، فأصدر مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي الفتوى حول هذه القضية. ويهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل القاعدة الفقهية الضرر يزال في الفتوى عن حكم دعم القضية الفلسطينية. ومن خلال الدراسة الوصفية التحليلة أوضحت مفهوم القاعدة الفقهية الضرر يزال، وحدوث الصراع بين فلسطين وإسرائيل، وفتوى مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي عن حكم دعم فلسطين، وكيف طبقت قاعدة الضرر يزال في هذه الفتوى، وما هو الضرر الذي يجب إزالته. فمن خلال الدراسة المكتبية وصل نتيجة البحث بأن مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي اعتبر الدعم ضد إسرائيل من الضرر الذي يجب إزالته، وذلك الضرر من نوع الضرر الغير مباشر أو الضرر بالتسببItem Open Access Convenience in paying DAM (penalty) in making hajj : a perspective aligned with the SDGs(Profetika : Jurnal Studi Islam, 2024-10-20) Mariati Aprilia Harahap; Dodik Siswantoro; Muhamad AbduhObjective: This research aims to evaluate and provide input on the ease of accessing information and making dam (penalty) payments during the Hajj pilgrimage, within the framework of Islamic law and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study is driven by the fact that many pilgrims are still unaware of the types of violations that require dam payment and how to fulfill this obligation properly. This issue is often due to a lack of information, inadequate guidance, and limited awareness among pilgrims. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is based on Islamic jurisprudence regarding Hajj rituals and penalties (dam), which emphasizes justice, transparency, and individual responsibility. Literature Review: The literature review draws from classical and contemporary sources related to Hajj practices, including official guidelines, banking systems, and digital service innovations aligned with the SDGs, especially Goal 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). Methods: The research employs a qualitative method, incorporating firsthand observations from Hajj experiences in 2018 and 2019, as well as several Umrah pilgrimages. These are supported by secondary data from books, official documents, and online resources. Results: The findings reveal that numerous pilgrims unintentionally commit violations during key stages of the Hajj, particularly in the Armuna area (Arafah, Muzdalifah, and Mina), but do not proceed to pay the dam, primarily due to lack of knowledge or uncertainty about the payment process. Moreover, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has designated certain institutions such as Alrajhi Bank and Hadiyah to facilitate official dam payments. Hadiyah, in particular, offers simplified digital payment systems, making the process more accessible and transparent. Implications: The implications of this study highlight the urgent need for more structured pre-departure education for pilgrims and the integration of digital payment systems within Hajj management policies. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in linking dam payment convenience with the broader mission of the SDGs, promoting ethical, inclusive, and accountable religious practices.Item Open Access The scribe of sufi-philosophical letters : Shaykh Yūsuf of Makassar’s formative decades (1640s-1660s) in Arabia and Syria(Center for the Study of Islam and Society (PPIM) Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta, 2024-12-31) Zacky Khairul UmamThis article addresses the circumstances surrounding Shaykh Yūsuf’s pursuit of knowledge, which involved traveling overseas via India to study and teach in Ottoman Arabia and Syria. The article’s main objective is to focus on the period during which Shaykh Yūsuf played an intellectual role as a scribe in Aleppo, Damascus, and Medina between the 1650s and the 1660s. This will be achieved by utilizing the manuscript collections at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, the Firestone Library of Princeton University, and the National Library of Indonesia, in addition to other archival evidence. These underexplored manuscripts will provide a more comprehensive account of Shaykh Yūsuf’s Arabian years, which I contend were a pivotal period in his intellectual development. Moreover, this period offers an additional perspective on the dissemination of knowledge from the post-Timurid intellectual tradition, which was oriented towards the advancement of theological-philosophical sciences, and which became prevalent in Medina before being disseminated in the second half of the seventeenth century.Item Open Access Navigating digital da’wah : Hanan Attaki’s approach and Nahdatul Ulama’s authority on social media(Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Jakarta, 2024-12-31) Inna A'thoina; Al-Aboosi, Abdullah Mustafa MohamadHanan Attaki, founder of the Shift (a youth hijrah movement), pledged allegiance (bai’at) to Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), one of Indonesia’s most prominent traditionalist Islamic organizations, sparking significant responses from his extensive social media following of ten million on Instagram and two million on YouTube, most of whom are young people. This paper aims to explore the new step of Hanan Attaki’s da’wah and the religious authority of NU’s Ulema through social media by examining shifts in Hanan Attaki’s da’wah approach pre- and post-affiliation and investigating how his affiliation enhances the influence of NU’s ulema mainly through his social media platforms, using Fajri Alatas’ theory of religious authority. This study uses a qualitative method by analyzing content on the YouTube and Instagram accounts of Hanan Attaki using netlytic assistant. This paper argues that joining Hanan Attaki at NU is one of his da’wah strategies to spread da’wah across society, including the grassroots. At the same time, Hanan Attaki contributes to spreading the authority of NU ulema and its ideology among millennials through social media.Item Open Access Managing obsessive-compulsive disorder through utilizing Islamic antidotes(Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia Press, 2024-12-31) Yankari, Ali Samaila; Maikamba, Musa A.; Hasan, Md. Mahdi; Jungudo, Ahmad MuhammadObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent mental health condition characterized by compulsive behaviors and irrepressible impulses. The treatment for this disorder is challenging due to its complex nature. It is occasionally linked to religious observances referred to as scrupulosity. This disorder exhibits a multitude of consequences. The manifestation of these intrusive thoughts and undesirable behaviors among students impede their ability to study efficiently and negatively impact their academic performance. Researchers and academics have put forth a range of pharmaceutical and psychological remedies and solutions for this catastrophic disorder. This research proposes potential Islamic strategies for resisting and curtailing the disorder. The research findings indicate that the Islamic antidote for managing OCD involves several spiritual and therapeutic practices such as dhikr (remembrance of God), tawakkul (trust in God), salah (prayer), du’a (supplication) and istighfar (seeking forgiveness). Additionally, individuals afflicted with this disorder, should employ strategies such as daily supplications, incantation (Al-uqyah Al-Sharʿiyyah) and efforts to prevent intrusive thoughts. The study effectively employed a descriptive methodology to conduct its examination.Item Open Access From persecution to coexistence : the bahāʾísm in Iran and Bangladesh(ZAIN Publications, 2024-11-30) Hasan, Md. Mahdi; Islam, Md. Rafiqul; Rahman, Md. MahbuburThe Bahāʾísm, emerging from 19th-century Persia through the teachings of Bahāʾuʾllāh, has developed into a globally recognized faith known for its emphasis on unity, peace, and progressive revelation. This paper traces the historical trajectory of the Bahāʾísm from its origins in Persia (modern day Iran) to its establishment in Bangladesh, focusing on both the shared and divergent experiences of its adherents in different cultural contexts. The study addresses the significant challenges Bahāʾís face, particularly the severe persecution in Iran due to theological conflicts with mainstream Islam, contrasted with their relatively accepted status in Bangladesh, a secular Muslim majority country. Drawing on qualitative research conducted at the Rajshahi Bahāʾī Center, Bangladesh, this paper highlights the personal narratives of Bahāʾí converts, their devotional practices, and the obstacles they encounter in maintaining their religious identity. The analysis extends to a comparison with Aḥmadiyya, another religious movement with Islamic roots, to elucidate theological distinctions and the varying degrees of societal acceptance. While the Bahāʾí Faith and Aḥmadiyya both emerged in the 19th century and share a backdrop of Islamic influence, the Bahāʾí emphasis on universal equality and an independent identity sets them apart. This paper argues that such distinctions, coupled with Bangladesh‟s secular policies, have allowed Bahāʾís to practice their faith with fewer constraints compared to their coreligionists in Iran. By examining these interfaith dynamics, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of religious pluralism, the complex interactions between minority religious communities and their broader social environments, and the implications for religious tolerance and coexistence in contemporary Muslim societies.Item Open Access Classical insights, contemporary relevance : understanding tafsīr bi-al-maʾthūr in qurʾānic studies(Departmen of Al-Qur'an and Tafsir Studies, Faculty of Ushuluddin, University of Darussalam Gontor, 2025-02-01) Hasan, Md. Mahdi; Choirul Ahmad; Islam, Md. RafiqulThis paper explores tafsīr bi-al-maʾthūr, or tradition-based Qurʾānic exegesis, examining its core elements, interpretive diversity, and relevance in both historical and contemporary contexts. Defined by reliance on the Qurʾān itself, prophetic traditions, and the interpretations of the Companions and Successors, tafsīr bi-al-maʾthūr is foundational in Islamic scholarship for preserving original meanings of the Qurʾān. However, its dependence on early sources raises questions about its adaptability to current ethical, legal, and social issues within Muslim communities. Through a qualitative analysis, this study investigates primary interpretative methods within tafsīr bi-al-maʾthūr, including tafsīr al-Qurʾān bi-l-Qurʾān, tafsīr bi-l-ḥadīth, and interpretations by the Companions and Successors. The paper reveals how tafsīr bi-al-maʾthūr maintains Qurʾānic authenticity while offering insights into its potential relevance for contemporary applications. This study contributes to Qurʾānic studies by affirming tafsīr bi-al-maʾthūr as both a resilient and adaptable approach, balancing fidelity to foundational texts with interpretive flexibility in modern Islamic discourse.Item Open Access Uniting or dividing? Digital sermons and sectarian debates among muslim preachers on facebook in Bangladesh(Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten, 2025-01-01) Hasan, Md. Mahdi; Bhirawa AnoragaThis paper examines how Facebook is transforming religious authority and amplifying sectarian discussions through digital sermons (waʿẓ) delivered by three prominent preach-ers in Bangladesh: Shaykh Dr. Muzaffar b. Mohsin, Muftī Rezaul Karim Abrar, and Muftī Gias Uddin Tahery. Using a netnographic approach, we analyse the discourses promoted in their sermon videos on Facebook. We demonstrate how Facebook incentivises religious leaders to intensify sectarianism in order to increase online engagement and reinforce their authority. Thus, although the Internet—specifically Facebook—is often assumed to have the potential to connect the Muslim umma, it simultaneously exacerbates sectarian divi-sions, with significant implications for both religious and social dynamics in Bangladesh.